Conductors composite

Wadahara, E. Ishibashi, S. Nagashima, Y. Polymer Conductor Composition and Molded Materials thereof. Patent JP 2001067933, 2001. 

Shahinpoor and Moj aired used ion-exchange materials and membranes to produce electrically responsive actuators [41—48] and also encapsulated ion-exchange membrane sensor/actuators. Shahinpoor used electrically responsive polymers coupled with springs and other mechanical devices to improve upon electrically responsive actuators [52] and ionic polymeric conductor composites and ionic polymer metal composites to drive pumps and mini-pumps [41]. 

Shahinpoor M (2003) Ionic polymer-conductor composites as biomimetric sensors, robotic actuators and artificial muscles—a review. Electrochim Acta 48(14-16) 2343-2353... 

Frit bonding is the most common method, but there are several advantages to reactive bonding. First, very small amounts of additive are needed, which means that the electrical resistivity of the conductor is kept as low as possible. Second, the surface of the conductor is nearly pure metal, which enhances the attachment of thin Au or A1 wires during wire bonding. Some thick-film conductor compositions are termed mixed bonded and these contain a glass frit together with a mixture of oxides. 

Qualitatively, the PAN and PPy materials with ctdc < 200 S/cm show the behavior expected for both the good conductor/poor conductor composites as well as for the three-dimensional localization modified Drude model. The optical conductivity of highly conducting stretched... 

Kida T, Minami T, Kishi S, Yuasa M, Shimanoe K, Yamazoe N (2009) Planar-type BiCuVOx solid electrolyte sensor for the detection of volatile organic compounds. Sens Actuators B 137 147—153 Knauth P (2000) Ionic conductor composites theory and materials. J Electroceram 5 111—125... 

Other metal powders, such as palladium and platinum may be added to conductor compositions to improve the properties of the conductor. The palladium powder, in the form of spherical-shaped particles of 0.1-10 pm in diameter is desired. 

Nebe, W.J. and Osborne, J.J., U.S. Patent 5032478, Photosensitive Aqueous Developable Gold Conductor Composition, 1991. 

E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Technical Data, 9924M Copper Conductor Composition. 

Shahinpoor, M. (2005) Smart Ionic Polymer Conductor Composite Materials as Multifunctional Distributed Nanosensors, Nanoactuators and Artificial Muscles, Aw. Soc. Mech. Eng., Mat. Div. (Publication), MD, 485-9. 

Shahinpoor, M. and Guran, A. (2003) Ionic Polymer-Conductor Composites (IPCC) as Biomimetric Sensors, Actuators and Artificial Muscles, Selected Topics, in Structures and Mechatronics Systems (ed Belyaev, A. and Guran, A.), World Scientific Publishers, London,... 

Conductor Compositions. Materials selection is a complex issue that is driven hy the basic properties of various metals (as noted above), processes, substrate materials, the specific application, and required performance characteristics. The following discussion will review the various metaUurgies and apphcations in more detail. Table 8.3 compares attributes of the various conductor system metaUurgies. 

The combination of several factors including bulk material properties, conductor composition (i.e., metallurgy and glass content), substrate type, and the various processing steps (i.e., deposition process and firing profile) will determine the properties of the fired conductor. In most cases, the testing configuration depends on the conductor type and the specific customer requirements, which usually depend on the application. In this section, the basic tests and various factors that can affect test results will be addressed. 

K. Allison et al., Thick Film Conductor Compositions for Use with an Aluminum Nitride Substrate, U.S. patent no. 5,089,172, February 18,1992. 

Ezquerra T A, Kremer F and Wegner G (1992) AC Electrical properties of insulator-conductor composites, in Progress in Electromagnetic Research Dielectric Properties of Heterogeneous Materials (Ed. Priou A) Elsevier, Amsterdam, Ch. 7, pp. 273-301. 

Hygroscopic solid inorganic proton conductor composite polymer electrolytes... 

A wide range of thick film conductor compositions, based on different metal powders and inorganic and organic binders, can be produced depending on the end use. Several metal compositions of conductor paste are represented in Table 12.2. 

DuPont Photosensitive aqueous developable silver conductor composition... 

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