Condensate traps

The sampling system consists of a condensate trap, flow-control system, and sample tank (Fig. 25-38). The analytical system consists of two major subsystems an oxidation system for the recovery and conditioning of the condensate-trap contents and an NMO analyzer. The NMO analyzer is a gas chromatograph with backflush capabihty for NMO analysis and is equipped with an oxidation catalyst, a reduction catalyst, and an FID. The system for the recovery and conditioning of the organics captured in the condensate trap consists of a heat source, an oxidation catalyst, a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer, and an intermediate collec tion vessel. 

To handle the methane gas generated from the 42.5-acre site, an active interior gas collection system was installed as shown in Figure 11. The installation consisted of 42 recovery wells, a gas collection header system, condensate traps, blower station and a flare station. In addition, a methane monitoring system consisting of thirty-two 2-inch wells was installed around the site (U.S. EPA, 1987). 

A mixture of 17.6 grams of p-n-butoxyacetophenone, 12.1 grams of piperidine hydrochloride, 4.5 grams paraformaldehyde, 0.25 cc concentrated hydrochloric acid, 52.5 cc nitro-ethane, 7.5 cc of 95% ethanol, and 15 cc of toluene was boiled under reflux for one hour, removing water formed in the reaction by means of a condensate trap. The mixture was then cooled. The crystals which formed were collected by filtration, washed with anhydrous ether and recrystallized from methyl ethyl ketone. The crystals thus obtained, which melted at 174°-175°C, were shown by analysis to be 4-n-butoxy-beta-piperidinopropiophen-one hydrochloride. 

Coolers are frequently used on the discharge of a compressor. These are called aftercoolers, and their purpose is to remove the heat generated during the compression of the air. The decrease in temperature promotes the condensing of any moisture present in the compressed air. This moisture is collected in condensate traps that are either automatically or manually drained. 

Extraction Frozen krill (85 g) is briefly homogenized with 60% ethanol (220 ml) at about 0°C, and centrifuged. The supernatant is rapidly concentrated under reduced pressure in a 2-liter flask at about 40°C (using a rotary evaporator, a mechanical vacuum pump, and a large condensate trap immersed in dry ice/acetone) to a volume of 15-20 ml. After the addition of 30 ml of cold ethanol, the solution is temporarily stored at —30°C. Materials similarly prepared from 6 batches (510 g krill in total) are combined, centrifuged, and the supernatant is concentrated to 30 ml, and then mixed with 70 ml of ethanol. Compound F in the solution is extracted with 120 ml of n-butanol. 

B. Aminoacetone hydrochloride. A mixture of 175 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 175 ml. of water is added to 52 g. (0.45 mole) of the acetamidoacetone from step A contained in a 1-1. round-bottomed flask. The mixture is boiled under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere (Note 4) for 6 hours. The resulting solution is concentrated using a flash evaporator held below 60° and with the condensation trap for solvent being... 

Condensate trap with heat exchanger (e.g. cooled)... 

The Road to Bose-Einstein Condensation Trapping and Cooling... 

All exhaust from a mechanical pump should be vented to a fume hood regardless of the room s ventilation quality or the type of pumped gases. Each time you bring new samples into vacuum conditions, your system is pumping at atmospheric pressured Because pump oils have low vapor pressures, and pump oils themselves are considered nontoxic, there is little concern for breathing pump oil mist. However, there may be dangers from trapped vapors within the pump oils. Regardless, there is little reason to breathe the pump oil mist if it can be avoided. Check with the manufacturer or distributor of your pump for an oil mist filter for your pump. If you use a condensate trap, be sure you position your exhaust line so that material does not drain back into the pump (see Fig. 7.14). 

Fig. 7.14 The proper orientation of a mechanical pump s exhaust condensate trap. Reprinted from N.S. Harris, Practical Aspects of Constructing, Operating and Maintaining Rotary Vane and Diffusion-Pumped Systems, Vacuum, Vol. 31, 1981, p. 176, with kind permission from Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington 0X5 1GB, UK.

Solids caught in condenser traps combined with solids left on reactor wall. 

The results obtained (see Tables 2 and 3 and Fig. 1) show that they are closer to the ones obtained with coal as feed than to the ones obtained with coal-limestone feed. Moreover, not only the total PAH emissions are similar to the ones in absence of Ca, but also the PAH solid/gas phase distribution coincide because none PAH was detected in the cyclone and condenser traps, solid emissions. Therefore, all the PAH were emitted on gas phase, as it happens at SC runs. 

Sump Ejector - Curbed areas and dikes are usually provided with a sump and a small steam ejector to empty it. This unit requires insulated steam piping, valve, ejector, and condensate traps. 

A mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (175 ml) and water (175 ml) is added to the acetamidoacetone (52 g, 0.45 mol). The mixture is boiled under reflux in a nitrogen atmosphere (6h) and concentrated by flash evaporation below 60°C using a condensation trap for solvent cooled in a dry-ice-acetonc bath. A dark, oily residue (40-45 g) is obtained. This is very hygroscopic but can be dried over P2O5 in a vacuum desiccator. Purification is achieved by recrystallization from absolute ethanol, adding ether until cloudy. This reagent can be stored as the semicarbazone, from which aminoacetone can be generated as required in siru. 

Planet Satellites Surface composition (including condensed trapped species) Atmospheric composition... 

One gram-molecular weight of water (18 g, i.e., 18 ml in the liquid state) as steam at 121 °C and 2.05 abs bar occupies a volume of approximately 15L. This means that when steam condenses at 121°C, it shrinks in volume by almost 1000 times. Consequently, additional steam spontaneously reaches the material to be sterilized. The condensate that forms can be easily removed from the autoclave chamber by means of a condensate trap or by continuous bleeding. 

All sterilizers intended for pharmaceutical use are currently made of class AISI 316 stainless steel, including the valves and piping. Other materials may be acceptable only for service components arranged downstream of the sterilizer (e.g., the vacuum pump or the condensate trap). The service elements arranged upstream of the sterilizer (e.g., heat exchangers or water pumps) also must be made of stainless steel. 

Tar condensation and collection issues condenser, traps, solvent nature, condensation, collection temperature. 

The performic acid is prepared in the usual manner by allowing a mixture of 1.0 ml of 30% (w/v) H2O2 and 9.0 ml of 88% (w/v) formic acid to stand at room temperature for 1 hr, after which it is cooled to 0°C. A known amount of protein, usually the amount used for routine hydrolysates, is dissolved in 1 to 2 ml of the reagent in a cooled hydrolysis tube. If the protein does not dissolve readily in the cold reagent, it can usually be dissolved first in 0.1 ml of 100% formic acid at room temperature. The mixture is kept at 0°C for 4 hr after which performic acid is destroyed by the addition of 0.15 ml of cold 48 % (w/v) HBr per ml of performic acid reagent used. The bromine which forms, as well as the formic acid solution, can best be removed from the hydrolysis tube by rotary evaporation under high vacuum (mechanical pump) at 40°C with NaOH pellets in the condenser trap the condenser should be cooled with dry ice in ethanol. Acid hydrolysis of the oxidized sample and analysis of the resulting hydrolysates are performed in the usual manner ( 2.1.2). 

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