Concrete basins

Items to be furnished by the purchaser, such as concrete basin, anchor bolts, electrical components. 

The packs can be installed in either concrete basins (common in refineries, petrochemical, and gas plants) or in prefabricated, preassembled steel shells. Both types can be fitted with gasketed lids to allow for gas blanketing and/or vapor recovery. 

The design characteristics outlined in Table XXV allow this reactor to treat various kinds of waste water biologically in extremely short periods. For example, a waste water of initial BOD, = 850 mg/1 had its value reduced to 30 mg/1 during a mean residence time of 17 min. Compared with a conventional concrete basin, the volume of the reciprocating bioreactor required for purification of a given flow rate can be reduced to approximately 1/30 or 1/60. 

The first one was made in a concrete basin, 7 m long, 1.5 m wide and 1.6 m deep (Figure 5), in which 4 to 8 muskrats were kept. Nest boxes were made in the corners and two counting cages were placed on a raft near the middle of the basin. Animals visiting the cages were counted mechanically by a device attached to a flap which could swing in both directions. 

Further safety provisions include surrounding the tanks by dikes or placing them in concrete basins to contain the liquid ammonia in the event of a total failure. Discussions of such secondary containment are found in [1285], [1291]-[1293]. 

Seawater, available at the premises of the Royal Netherlands Navy s Chemical Laboratory, was sub-sampled. This coastal seawater was initially collected at about lOm water depth, in the nearby tidal channel (Marsdiep). The water passed a sand filter directly after collection, in order to remove larger particles and organisms. About lOm seawater was thus collected in a glass-fibre tank and transported to the TNO Laboratory for Applied Marine Research, at Den Helder, where it was contained in a concrete basin, treated with a metal-free paint. In this basin the suspended particulate matter was allowed to settle for 4 weeks. This water served as source material for the candidate CRM, and had a salinity of 28 %o. 

Estimate the cost at CE = 400 for an RBC for a design flow rate of 400 mVday day installed in an existing concrete basin. 

The sludge fields are flat earth or concrete basins whose bottom is formed by dewatered filtration gravel sand. The cycle of a sludge field operation has the following stages ... 

A decade ago it was not uncommon to specify 85° F cold water and to select exchangers for 88 to 90° F cold water. To some engineers it seemed logical to include a small 3°F safety factor in the calculations. However, this 3°F safety factor quite often turned out to be a 50% safety factor as far as the price and size of the cooling tower were concerned. Table 3-5 indicates that a tower sized to cool 28,500 gpm from 118 to 88° F with an 80° F wet bulb would cost 361,920, or 12.70 per gpm. A cooling tower selected to cool 28,500 gpm with the 3°F safety factor or from 115 to 85° F with an 80°F wet bulb would cost 532,480, or 18.68 per gpm. This is approximately 50% more in cost, length of concrete basin and fan horsepower. 

In planning tank farms, legally required measures must be taken against the propagation of fires and explosions. Tank farms are built in a closed concrete basin that is sufficiently large to accommodate the contents of the largest tank. A minimum distance must be maintained between the individual tanks. Tanks for liquids are often mounted on double-T beams so that they can be inspected from below (Figure 2.6-2). 

Eor example, the K West and K East basins in Hanford, Washington, are two concrete basins that were built in 1951 for the temporary storage of nuclear fuel produced at DOE S Hanford site. Although the initial plan was to terminate the storage after 20 years, the two basins continue to receive spent fuel from reactors. It has been reported that rods in open canisters have corroded in the basin, releasing radioactive isotopes into the basin water. Basin cleanup plans, waste removal, and groundwater contamination were subsequently reported. The cost of this work will be considerable. 

Two concrete basins were built in 1951 for the temporary storage of nuclear fuel produced at DOE s Hanford site. Storage of the nuclear waste at this site was planned... 

The cooled water is collected in a concrete basin underneath the cooling tower and pumped from there through the plant cooling systems. Since evaporation in the cooling tower consistently concentrates the salt in the cooling water, a small quantity of water - depending on the salt content of the make-up water and on the allowable salt concentration in the loop - has to be continuously withdrawn. This blowdown water and the water lost by evaporation have to be replaced by appropriately conditioned make-up water. 

DAF, includes all necessary tankage, pumps, motors, piping, electrical, control and instrumentation, as well as all necessary labor and materials for installation. For sizes < 50 m c/s vessels are used. Concrete basins are used for sizes > 50 m. PM cost = 1 225 000 for a surface area = 50 m with n = 0.48 for the range 5-1000. DAF packaged plant but excluding concrete pad. c/s FOB cost = 500000 at a surface area = 20 m with n = 0.48 for the range 5-50. L-i-M = 1.5. 

Oxidation ditch including concrete basin, aeration equipment and secondary clarifier, installed. PM cost 2 450 000 at design flow rate = 46 L/s with n = 0.44 for the range 2.2-46 and n = 0.76 for the range 46-440 L/s. 

Cement concrete basin (if required by the vendor) drawing to be given by vendor for the cooling tower. 

In reinforced concrete basins of waste water treatment plants, there are extensive steel mats which act as cathodes with a large surface area. If these steel mats, which are in the waste water, are in electrical contact with components of unalloyed steel, it is possible that an electrochemical cell is formed by contact corrosion [llj. 

Partition Concrete basin Flgtne 7.18 Induced-draft cooling tower, (The Marley Co., Inc.)... 

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