Computer processing speed

The advances in microelectronics have greatly enhanced mass storage capacity and processing speed. Archives of information of full spectra rather than only those of absorption peaks become more feasible. However, the demands of huge storage capacity are still somewhat prohibitive for high-resolution spectra. Even if this problem can be resolved, the computer processing speed and the bandwidth of the telephone line or network is still... 

Modeling has become a powerful tool in the past 10-20 years with improved algorithms to predict operational conditions in glass melting furnaces, forehearths, regenerators, and annealing lehrs, etc. Furthermore, improvements in computer processing speeds have enabled the modeler to work from conventional computers rather than the exotic workstations of the past. However one needs to understand what it can do and what it cannot do . Someone must understand these limits, such that the interpreter is not left with a choice of Believe it or nof . 

Of these, the first two place demands on the processing speed of the knowledge-based system and its integration with the environment, eg, data acquisition interfaces. The third impacts on the nature of the computational cycle and the system s abiHty to reschedule its own computations. The latter two place demands on the representation and reasoning capabiHties of the system, and are the most interesting from a knowledge-based system viewpoint. 

In an earlier procedure applying universal calibration, viscosities of the four most concentrated fractions eluting about the peak were measured, and the intrinsic viscosities were plotted against count. The intrinsic viscosities of all the fractions were obtained by extrapolation of the plot for use in the calculations to obtain degree of polymerization (DP). In the present method the DP of each fraction is obtained from the relationship MW = (cod size/K)1/1+ derived from Benoit s concept and the Mark-Houwink equation. Results from the new procedure are in excellent agreement with those obtained independently on cotton by others. Anomalies in results obtained previously on some samples disappear while marked improvement is noted for others. The determination is speeded up greatly by computer processing of data, and experimental error is reduced. 

In general, the processor speeds and memory capacities of modem personal computers are sufficient to support most systems (e.g., milliseconds timing resolution and response monitoring requirements). However, running these systems on older computers having a slower processing speed and limited memory capacity could have a detrimental impact on the accuracy of the test, so caution is recommended. 

The leave-one-out method is among the simplest ones to use because it requires no input parameters. Because it runs N cross-validation procedures, it can take a rather long time if N is large, depending on the processing speed of the computer. The concern about representative validation samples is usually not an issue with this method because it tests... 

By far the most reliable method to determine the absolute configuration of chiral inorganic and organic compounds is by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis.4 By 1974 Saito listed 59 chiral metal complexes whose absolute stmctures were determined by X-ray diffraction.181 Advances in the speed of computer processing and other aspects of X-ray instrumentation have resulted in the ability to determine absolute structures from much smaller crystals. As a consequence, the number of crystal structure determinations of inorganic compounds has increased enormously in recent years. 

All data processed by the system is easily communicated to remote computers either by the industry standard 2780 Remote Job Entry protocol or the virtual terminal facility available. The RJE facility is designed to communicate with remote computers at speeds up to 9600 baud and is recommended for large data transfer loads. 

Andreasen et al (1993) ... aspects of brain structure that reflect quality rather than quantity of brain tissue complexity of circuitry, dendritic expansion, number of synapses, thickness of myelin, metabolic efficiency, or efficiency of neurotransmitter production, release, and reuptake. Factors such as these would facilitate the speed and efficiency of information transfer within the brain as well as expand its capacity, so that multiple tasks of multiple kinds could be performed simultaneously. The greater volume of grey matter can be postulated to reflect a greater number of nerve cell bodies and dendritic expansion a greater number of neuronal connections presumably enhances the efficiency of computational processing in the brain. ... 

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