Comprehensive drug monitoring

Hunziker, T., Kunyi, U.P., Braunschweig, S., Zehnder, D. and Hoigne, R. (1977). Comprehensive hospital drug monitoring (CHDM) adverse skin reactions, a 20-year survey. Allergy, 52 388-393. 

Widmer P, Maibach R, Kunzi UP, Capaul R, Mueller U, Galeazzi R, Hoigne R. Diuretic-related hypokalaemia the role of diuretics, potassium supplements, glucocorticoids and beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists. Results from the comprehensive hospital drug monitoring programme, berne (CHDM). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 49(1-2) 31-6. 

AH Kumps. Therapeutic drug monitoring a comprehensive and critical review of analytical methods for anticonvulsive drugs. J Neurol 228 1—16,1982. 

Hunziker T, Kunzi U, Braunschweig S, et al. Comprehensive hospital drug monitoring Adverse drug reactions—A 20-year survey. Allergy 1997 52 388-393. 

F. Stocker, Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring, Zieglerspital, CH-3007 Bern... 

NIR methods are not the only on-line applications for blend monitoring FT-Raman " and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) have been utilized. Refer to Chapter 11 for a comprehensive review of LIF. As stated herein, NIRS is well established as an effective and advantageous means to deem blend homogeneity and blending end point, however there are circumstances in which NIR is insufficient. For example, LIF can be more suitable for blends with low drug load. Lai and Cooney illustrated in a lab-scale experiment that LIE yielded a limit of detection below 0.02% w/w for a given API. ... 

Comprehensive toxicity studies are carried out by animal testing in order to ascertain whether the product exhibits any short-term or long-term toxicity. Acute toxicity is usually assessed by administration of a single high dose of the test drug to rodents. Both rats and mice (male and female) are usually employed. The test material is administered by two means, one of which should represent the proposed therapeutic method of administration. The animals are then monitored for 7-14 days, with all fatalities undergoing extensive post-mortem analysis. 

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