Comparative proteomic studies

It is within the context of finding products that have an effect on human health that a study has been published regarding the gene expression of prostate cancer cells treated with pomegranate fruit juice (70) where a comparative proteomics study provided insights for prostate cancer evolution. The involvement of pomegranate fruit products in the molecular mechanism of inducing prostate cancer cell apoptosis has been evidenced. Thus, a possible... 

In a comparative proteome study with a multi-resistant E. coli, 21 differentially expressed proteins under treatment with multiple drugs were identified (Piras et al. 2012). From the identified proteins, the authors concluded that quorum sensing might be involved in the multiple antibiotic resistance observed in this strain. 

Comparative proteomics studies of PTM proteins in human pituitary adenomas... 

The heterogeneity of human pituitary proteomes is a crucial factor that must be studied in order to accurately validate DEPs between pituitary adenomas and controls because the pituitary adenoma and control tissues are not from the same patient those different sources result in some uncontrolled experimental factors (gender, age, race) that occur within any comparative proteomics study of human pituitary adenomas. Therefore, the heterogeneity of a human pituitary proteome was studied as a function of three important factors—gender, age, and race [16]. 

Protein isoforms result from protein PTMs, splicing, etc. Our comparative proteomics study of human pituitary adenomas demonstrated that human pituitary hormones had multiple isoforms. The change of a neuroendocrine hormone level is an important clinical feature in a human pituitary adenoma. Not all of the isoforms are related to pituitary adenomas [32]. 

The study of proteins is especially interesting in food safety because they may act as toxins, antinutrients, or allergens (53). Proteomics, a high-throughput technology able to quantify hundreds of proteins simultaneously, has become very important in comparative studies of GM plants and their nonmodified counterparts (54). Two conceptually different strategies can be followed in comparative proteomics the shotgun and the bottom-up approaches. 

The importance for proteomic studies of being performed on standardized samples cannot be emphasized enough. Several approaches have been developed to address the problem of tissue heterogeneity. Beads-based sample enrichment (BBSE) and laser capture microdissection (LCM) procedures are emerging as the methods of choice. The aim of these procedures is to eliminate, as much as possible, all confounding and contaminating factors in order to obtain a sample quality that can be compared with cell lines without the disadvantages of in vitro cultures. 

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