Compact Torus

Let X, cj) be a compact symplectic manifold and T a compact torus. We suppose that there exists a T-action on X preserving uj with the corresponding moment map /r X t. As explained in Chapter 3, /j, X t is called a moment map if it satisfies... 

In Chapter 5, we have studied Morse theory on a symplectic manifold X given by an action of a compact torus T. As noted there, when X is a Kahler manifold, the gradient flow is given by the associated holomorphic action of the complexification T of T. Hence, the stable and the unstable manifolds can be expressed purely in terms of the group action. 

This paper summarizes several studies of fusion reactors based on the compact torus (CT). A wide variety of reactor configurations can be projected within present understanding of the possible types of CT and their macroscopic stability and confinement properties. Three types of CT are considered here, the field-reversed-configuration having B oroidal 0, the Spheromak with 0, and CT s formed with particle rings. 

The purpose of this paper is to review some fusion reactor possibilities based on the compact torus (CT) confinement... 

Finally, because the basic fusion unit is a compact torus, it can be small, with possibly = 10-100 MWe. 

Fig. 1 Compact torus field configuration and approximate geometry used in this paper.

C. W. Hartman, Summary of U. S. Compact Torus Experiment, in these proceedings. 

J. H. Hammer and H. L. Berk, Proc. of the US-Japan Joint S3nnposium on Compact Toruses and Energetic Particle Injection, Princeton, Dec. 1979, p. 80. 

A description of a compact torus configuration with ideal MHD treatment is given by the Grad-Shafranov equation... 

S. Jar din, in Proc. of the US - Japan Joint Symposium On Compact Toruses (Osaka Japan) (1981). 

Second, the magnetic separatrix of Extrap does not extend to the axis, i.e. a central hole" is created, similar to that in the later proposed "Holomak" compact torus configuration with a superimposed toroidal magnetic field. ... 

T.H. Stix and A.M.M. Todd, "Proceedings of the US-Japan Joint Symposium on Compact Toruses and Energetic Particle Injection , Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA,... 

Particle Ring/Compact Torus Hybrid System, Cornell University Laboratory of Plasma Studies Report 289 (1980). 

During the past several years a rapid increase has occurred in compact torus (CT) research in the United States, reflecting renewed interest in the simplified reactor consequences of this configuration. This paper reviews early approaches to CT formation and results and summarizes present experimental studies. Recent experiments have demonstrated a number of macroscopic aspects of the CT, including the conditions under which a macro-scopically stable CT can be formed and maintained. Scaling experiments and more detailed studies of plasma transport in progress are discussed along with experiments under construction. 

Interest in the compact torus (CT) for fusion rests on forming an axisymmetric, closed, toroidal-confinement-region for plasma within a nearly uniform external field as shown in Fig. 1. The advantages of toroidal confinement are thereby obtained while retaining reactor-related simplifications in blanket and coil design and natural plasma diversion because of the open-ended external field. To achieve these dual advantages, the toroidal confinement fields must be formed by plasma currents, rather than... 

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