Community organizing

Consider your own experience with task teams, both within your company and in other contexts such as industry associations, professional committees, or even non-professionai groups such as volunteer or community organizations. Review what worked and didn t work, what you liked and didn t like, and what you found rewarding or frustrating about each experience. This simple exercise helps identify potential pHMIs as well as successful techniques for managing a task team. 

Hardware Design Maintenance Procedures Housekeeping Error Enforcing Conditions Incompatible Goals Training Communication Organization... 

Draw on your contacts in organizations. Hobby clubs, health clubs, church organizations, night school classes, and community organizations are good places to hear about job leads. Let your fellow members know of your interest... 

The accessibility of self-help groups is one of their most attractive features. No dues or fees are required for AA and NA, so they re a good option for the uninsured and underinsured. Meetings are held in public places like local hospitals, healthcare centers, churches, and other community organizations, and frequent and regular attendance is encouraged. 

The predilection of bacteria to associate with surfaces is the primary organizing principle of community structure. ZoBell (1943) presented a conceptual model of this organization surfaces concentrate nutrients bacterial attachment to surfaces maximizes concentration gradients and reduces diffusion distances packing cells on surfaces improves retention of extracellular enzymes. Over the next 40 years, the study of attached microbial communities became an integral part of several fields (see Chapter 12). The importance of periphyton, or aufwuchs, in stream metabolism was established (Hynes, 1970 Geesey et al., 1978 Stevenson et al., 1996). Comparative studies of community organization and activity in relation to substratum produced a taxonomy for attached communities epilithon, epiphyton,... 

At the ecosystem scale, the significance of microbial community organization is that it determines the magnitude and efficiency of carbon transfer to other portions of the food web. High density communities like biofilms and floes can be directly grazed by metazoans, which divert microbial and detrital carbon out of the microbial loop (Wotton, 1994). In dilute planktonic systems, much of the carbon reaches metazoans through a microbial food-web after two to three trophic transfers, only a small fraction of microbial production remains. 

Associative reactions involve the non-covalent binding of DOM molecules with one another or with other components of the system. As discussed in the previous section, these reactions, affect every aspect of DOM metabolism, microbial community organization, and cross system transport. 

The nature and timing of DOM inputs influence both community organization and metabolism (see Chapter 15), which in turn affect DOM concentration and export at the ecosystem scale. The relationship of source heterogeneity to system function is one of the least studied aspects of DOM dynamics. For planktonic communities, source effects are direct and immediate. Attached communities also respond and adapt to local DOM inputs, but the capacity of biofilms to self-organize within a secreted polymer matrix... 

Menge, B. A. and Lubchenco, J., Community organization in temperate and tropical rocky intertidal habitats prey refuges in relation to consumer pressure gradients, Ecol. Monogr., 51, 429, 1981. 

The prevention and control of the spread of disease is a significant part of public health practice. A yearly review of the agency s blood-borne pathogen policy is advisable. PHN infection control specialists conduct at least yearly in-services for community organizations, many of whom are part of the first responder team. 

Local Household structure, local community organization, access to information Distribution and abundance of economic species, topography, soil type... 

A landmark 1988 report, The Future of Public Health (soon to be updated), identified many of the critical challenges to education, practice, and applications of public health. In 1998, the Institute helped develop the prototype leading indicators for Healthy People 2010, the nation s blueprint for prevention. The importance of community organization and partnerships in furthering the public health has been underscored by a number of other Institute reports. 

Public, private, and community organizations should work to create social and physical environments that support the adoption and maintenance of healthy nutrition and physical activity behaviors. 

---