Common pressure vessel

A common pressure vessel application for pipe is with internal pressure. In selecting the wall thickness of the tube, it is convenient to use the usual engineered thin-wall-tube hoop-stress equation (top view of Fig. 4-1). It is useful in determining an approximate wall thickness, even when condition (t < d/10) is not met. After the thin-wall stress equation is applied, the thick-wall stress equation given in Fig. 4-1 (bottom view) can be used to verify the design (Appendix A PLASTICS DESIGN TOOLBOX). 

The most common pressure vessel codes that include the evaluation of fatigue are the North-American "ASME Section VIII Division 2" [1] and the German "AD-Merkblatt S2" [2], the latter being the most detailed fatigue analysis currently available in pressure vessel codes. 

CPV = common pressure vessel, SPV = single pressure vessel)... 

A dual-stack cell design that enclosed two stacks within the same pressure vessel was developed to reduce the number of pressure vessels required in some power systems. This conflguration was termed a common pressure vessel. These powered the Iridium constellation of 88 satellites (98 satellites, including orbital spares). While these batteries have functioned reasonably well, there are some difficulties in maintaining all the cells at a similar state of charge. However, these single pressure vessel batteries continue to perform well in orbit. 

Nozzle attachments to high pressure vessels are almost always made through the heads, or end closures, rather than through the shell as is done in common pressure vessels. This is primarily due to the thickness of the shells and the fact that multilayered vessels are common in high pressure systems. Nozzles through multilayer vessels, while not impossible, are discouraged. 

In the AST-500 all primary circuit equipment is placed inside a common pressure vessel. The reactor integral arrangemoit allows dimination of large piping, i plifies the primaiy circuit and facilitates natural coolant circulation in the reactor to reduce RV irradiation and to extend its lifetime. 

The recent design concept is based on a modular nuclear steam supply system - each module has a reactor core, steam generator and recirculation pump, with individual ancillary systems. The core thermal power of each module is 670 MW, corresponding to about 200 MW(e), and power plants of (200) - 400 - 600 - (800) MW(e) can be accomplished by using 1-4 modules In a common pressure vessel. 

It is generally agreed that the von Mises criterion is better suited for common pressure vessels, the ASME Code chose to use the Tresca criterion as a framework for the design by analysis procedure for two reasons (a) it is more conservative, and (b) it is considered easier to apply. However, now that computers are used for the calculations, the von Mises expression is a continuous function and is easily adapted for calculations, whereas the Tresca expression is discontinuous (as can be seen from Figure 3.1). 

The most common pressure-vessel application of plastics is as a tube with internal pressure. In selecting the wall thickness of the tube, it is convenient to use the thin-wall-tube hoop-... 

Ni-Hj cells are manufactured in various design configurations. The individual pressure vessel (IPV) cell contains an electrode stack in a cylindrical pressure vessel contained within a common pressure vessel (CPV) cell. Two stacks in a series in a vessel yield 2.5 V. In a single-pressure vessel (SPV) battery, a number of cells (typically more than 20) are connected in a series and are placed in a single vessel. 

The common pressure vessel (CPV) Ni-Hj battery and the bipolar Ni-H2 battery are two advanced battery design concepts investigated to improve the gravimetric and volumetric energy densities as compared to the IPV cell and battery Ni-H2 technology. 

Common Pressure Vessel. Conceptually a CPV Ni-H2 battery consists of a number of individual cells connected together in series and contained within one common pressure vessel. For the IPV cell, each individual Ni-Hj cell is contained within its own pressure vessel. Potential advantages for the CPV Ni-Hj batteries include a significant increase in volumetric energy density (a decrease in volume), a decrease in manufacturing cost, a reduction in the complexity associated with the wiring and interconnection of IPV cells, an increase in specific energy, a reduction in the internal impedance of the battery, and improved heat transfer between the electrode stack and the pressure-vessel wall. 

J. Zagrodnik and K. Jones, Development of Common Pressure Vessel Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries, Pwc. 25th lECEC, 1990. 

A non-Galperin three-component broadband seismometer includes two horizontal axes and one vertical axis, usually mounted within a common pressure vessel. Because axis tilting... 

A Modular cell design (3.5 min ) B Common pressure vessel (3.5 kN/m ) C High-pressure cell design (14MN/m ) D Low-pressure cell design (hydride)... 

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