Combustion of gases

The release of chemical energy during combustion of gases produces a luminous, radiating zone which is seen as the flame or flame front. ... 

Combustion Many organic compounds released from manufacturing operations can be converted to innocuous carbon dioxide and water by rapid oxidation (chemical reaction) combustion. However, combustion of gases containing halides may require the addition of acid gas treatment to the combustor exhaust. 

The flare shall provide safe combustion of gases up to the relief conditions shown on the data sheet without exceeding the allowable system pressure drop. 

FIG. 23-2 The fire triangle showing the requirement for combustion of gases and vapors. [D. A. Crowl, Understanding Explosions, Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) copyright 2003 AIChE and reproduced with permission. ]... 

Flame combustion calorimetry in oxygen is used to measure the enthalpies of combustion of gases and volatile liquids at constant pressure [54,90]. Some highly volatile liquids (e.g., n-pentane [91]) have also been successfully studied by static-bomb combustion calorimetry. In general, however, the latter technique is much more difficult to apply to these substances than flame combustion calorimetry. In bomb combustion calorimetry, the sample is burned in the liquid state and must be enclosed in a container prior to combustion. Encapsulation may be difficult, because it is necessary to minimize the amount of vaporized compound inside the container as much as possible. In addition, volatile liquids tend to burn violently under a pressure of 3.04 MPa of oxygen, which leads to incomplete combustion. These problems are avoided in flame combustion calorimetry, where the sample is carried to the combustion zone as a vapor and burned under controlled conditions at atmospheric pressure. 

I.Ya. Shlyapintokh, DoklAkadN 65, 871 (1949) (Ignition of expl gaseous mixts in shock waves) 3b) V.E. Ditsent K.I. Shchelkin, ZhFizKhim 19, 21(1949) (Rapid combustion of gases in rough pipes)... 

Combustion Burning), Explosion and Detonation of Gases, Vapors and Dusts. See Detonation, Explosion, Deflagration and Combustion of Gases, Vapors and Dusts... 

Mallard LeChatelier,observed detonation in gases as early as 1881 during their, work with combustion of gases in pipes. They... 

Chemical kinetics govern the transformation of species due to chemical reactions. In very dilute systems, the effect of reaction chemistry can be so minor that its influence on the fluid flow is negligible. At the other extreme, in the combustion of gases, chemical reactions and especially their heat release are a dominant aspect of the flow. Reacting streams of combusting gases are among the most important and difficult flow problems studied today. 

EUDIOMETER. A graduated lube closed al one end. In one form, two platinum wires are sealed so that a spark may be passed through the contents of the tube used to measure the volume changes in the combustion of gases. 

Among Ya.B. s interests were the combustion of gases and solid rocket fuels, of condensed liquid explosives and powders, the combustion of premixed fuel compounds, and diffusive combustion. In every one of his lines of inquiry he obtained fundamental results which served as starting points for numerous theoretical and experimental studies in the USSR and worldwide. 

Laws were found for the combustion of gases in laminar or turbulent flow. Similarity laws were formulated for flame propagation under conditions in which the difference in density of a substance before and after combustion causes convective motion of the gas and flame.1... 

In principle, gas-continuous impinging streams (GIS) can be applied for the combustion of gases, powdery solids and sprayed liquids. Since gas-combustion is relatively simple and the process is essentially independent of the major feature of GIS, i.e., that it significantly enhances heat and mass transfer between phases, the discussions in this chapter will focus on the combustion of the latter two kinds of fuels. 

Surface Combustion.—As lias been seen, slow combustion of gases may be enormously accelerated by contact with catalysing surfaces. The rate may be so increased as to cause the evolution of light and intense heat, but without any visible flame. All such phenomena arc grouped together under the term surface combustion (see p. 52). 

Le Chatelier, H. L. (1850-1936). Fundamental research on equilibrium reactions (Le Chatelier s Law), combustion of gases, and metallurgy of iron and steel. 

An unintentional gas-induced color change to meat occurs when it is exposed to sufficiently high levels of nitrogen dioxide (NOj) such as during incomplete combustion of gases in gas ovens. The surface of the meat becomes pink, much like the characteristic pink of cured meat, due to the formation of nitrosylhemochrome (Cornforth et al., 1998). 

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