Highly volatile liquids

Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F) -70 CC Flammable limits in Air (%) 1.4 - 8.3 Fire Extinguishing Agents Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Water may be ineffective Special Hazards of Combustion Products Not pertinent Behavior in Fire This is a highly volatile liquid. The vapors are explosive when mixed with air Ignition Temperature (deg. F) 800 Electrical Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate 7.4 mm/min. 

The aliphatic hydrocarbon heptane, CyHjg, has recently been discovered as a constituent of the oil obtained by the distillation of the resinous exudation of Pinus Sabiniana, Pinus Jeffreyi, and a few other essential oils. It is a highly volatile liquid of specific gravity 0 688 and boils at 98 to 99°. It has, probably, the lowest specific gravity of all liquids found naturally in essential oils. 

Flame combustion calorimetry in oxygen is used to measure the enthalpies of combustion of gases and volatile liquids at constant pressure [54,90]. Some highly volatile liquids (e.g., n-pentane [91]) have also been successfully studied by static-bomb combustion calorimetry. In general, however, the latter technique is much more difficult to apply to these substances than flame combustion calorimetry. In bomb combustion calorimetry, the sample is burned in the liquid state and must be enclosed in a container prior to combustion. Encapsulation may be difficult, because it is necessary to minimize the amount of vaporized compound inside the container as much as possible. In addition, volatile liquids tend to burn violently under a pressure of 3.04 MPa of oxygen, which leads to incomplete combustion. These problems are avoided in flame combustion calorimetry, where the sample is carried to the combustion zone as a vapor and burned under controlled conditions at atmospheric pressure. 

Physical Form. Colorless, highly volatile liquid... 

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) statistics on liquids pipelines operated under the Code of Federal Regulations (49) indicate that corrosion was the second largest contributor to accidents and failures for the period from 1982 to 1991. These statistics covered an average of 344,575 km of liquids pipelines and were derived from required reports to DOT on all pipeline accidents involving loss of at least 7.95 m3 of liquid, death or bodily harm to any person, fire or explosion, loss of at least 0.8 m3 of highly volatile liquid, or property damage of 5000 or more (50). Similar results were also reported for 1991 in the 1992 DOT/OPS report on both oil and gas pipeline incidents 62 out of 210 oil pipeline incidents were due to corrosion, of which 74% were due to external corrosion (43). For gas pipelines, 16 of all 71 reported incidents were due to corrosion, of which 63% were reported as due to internal corrosion however, internal corrosion of gas pipelines is likely only if C02 and H20 and/or H2S are present, as with unprocessed gas in gathering lines. 

Piria and Schiff s Method.—This method is only applicable to those organic substances which are not highly volatile. Liquids which combine directly with CaO or Na2C03 may also be analysed in this way. 

Methyl nitrate is a highly volatile liquid, and its brisance is about equal to that of nitroglycerine. Its vapors are both flammable and explosive and produce headaches. Methyl nitrate dissolves nitrocellulose, yielding a gel, from which it rapidly evaporates. 

The vapor pressure of a highly volatile liquid (g) was measured at 0°C and at 204 C. The results were 103 kPa and 998 kPa, respectively. If dry air in a container initially at 24 C and standard atmospheric pressure is saturated with Q at constant temperature and volume ... 

Vacuum or Pressure The vast majority of all continuous filters use vacuum to provide the driving force for filtration. However, if the feed sluriy contains a highly volatile liquid phase, or if it is hot, saturated, and/or near the atmospheric pressure boiling point, the use of pressure for the driving force may be required. Pressure filtration might also be used where the required cake moisture content is lower than that obtainable with vacuum. 

A highly volatile liquid was allowed to vaporize completely into a 250.-mL flask immersed in boiling water. From the following data, calculate the molecular weight (in amu per molecule) of the Uquid. Mass of empty flask = 65.347 g mass of flask filled with water at room temperamre = 327.4 g mass of flask and condensed liquid = 65.739 g atmospheric pressure = 743.3 torr temperamre of boiling water = 99.8°C density of water at room temperature = 0.997 g/mL. 

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