Combination dose systems

Compliance with awkward regimens such as five times a day may be problematic as usual reference points such as meals are less useful. Mr DM has a combination of regular and when required medication which would make the use of a monitored dosing system (MDS) a challenge. However, symptomatic treatment of nausea, which is usually self-limiting, and constipation are likely to be less of a problem. 

Cardoso MM, Carvalho JC, Amaro AR, Prado AA, CappeUi EL. Small doses of iutrathecal morphiue combined with systemic diclofenac for postoperative pain control after cesarean deUveiy. Anesth Analg 1998 86(3) 538 1. 

Sorbates are admbced to an inert gas flow by means of a bubble saturator. The saturated gas stream is added to a large flow of inert gas, thereby adjusting the sorbate partial pressure. In Figure 2, the gas dosing system is illustrated. For the study of multi-com-po-nent systems, several gas channels (mass flow controller and saturator) are combined. 

Oral isotretinoin (9-a s-retinoic acid) is often used in treating severe or stubborn acne rosacea. A 1994 study compared the treatment of rosacea with 10 mg/day low-dose oral isotretinoin, 0.025% low-dose topical tretinoin and a combination of the two. The results showed that before the 16th week of treatment, isotretinoin was more effective, but that afterwards there was no difference between tretinoin and isotretinoin. The combination of systemic and topical treatment does not give any further improvement in low doses. 

Phentolamine has most often been administered as an intracavernosal injection. Monotherapy is avoided, as large doses are required for an erection, and at these doses systemic hypotensive adverse effects would be prevalent. Most often, phentolamine has been used in combination with other vasoactive agents for intracavernosal administration. A ratio of 30 mg papaverine to 0.5 to 1 mg phentolamine is typical, and the usual dose ranges from 0.1 mL to 1 mL of the mixture. Such a mixture promotes local effects of phentolamine and minimizes systemic hypotensive adverse effects (see Table 81-6). ... 

Adverse effects of tetracyclines include resistant bacteria, folliculitis, candidiasis, gastrointestinal upset, and phototoxic effects. Tetracyclines must not be combined with systemic retinoids because of the increased probability for development of intracranial hypertension. Tetracycline is used in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. It is the least expensive of the tetracyclines and therefore often prescribed for initial therapy. A common initial approach includes tetracycline 1 g daily (500 mg twice daily), 1 hour before meals after 1 or 2 months, when marked improvement of inflammatory lesions is observed, the dose may be decreased to 500 mg every day, for another 1 or 2 months. Drawbacks to the use of tetracycline include also a drug-food interaction with dairy prodncts. 

Because the high risk of central nervous system relapse in ALL, all patients require prophylactic therapy to prevent CNS disease. The choice for therapy includes a combination of the following cranial irradiation and single-agent intrathecal chemotherapy, triple-drug intrathecal chemotherapy, or high-dose systemic chemotherapy that crosses the blood-brain barrier. 

Methods to estimate dose resulting from release of the source term are based on a database of airborne dose versus distance calculations for single isotope releases from TA-V facilities (Naegeli 1999). The database was developed using the Melcor Accident Consequence Code System Version 2 (MACCS2) computer model with a standard input for each single isotope calculation. Combining doses for individual isotopes provides the dose from the released source term. 

In combination with airless on-highway dosing systems which produce a fine spray, vortex mixers allow placement of the nozzle close to the wall of the exhaust pipe from where the droplets are transported away from the wall into the exhaust flow. Without mixer, the impulse of the fine droplets would not be enough to penetrate into the center of the exhaust stream. 

Rook AH, Jaworsky C, Nguyen T, Grossmann RA, Wolfe JT, Witmer WK, Kligman AM (1995) Beneficial effect of low-dose systemic retinoid in combination with topical tretinoin for the treatment and prophylaxis of premalignant and malignant skin lesions in renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 59 714-719. 

Each water system must certiiy, in writing, to the state (using third-party or manufacturer s certification) that when acrylamide and epichlorohydrin are used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level does not exceed the levels specified, as follows ... 

Antagonists can produce varying combinations of dextral displacement and depression of maxima of agonist dose-response curves. The concentration-related effect of an antagonist on the system response to a single concentration of agonist constitutes what will be referred to as an inhibition curve. One of the most straightforward examples... 

The use of a chemical agent as an anti-foam is affected by an on-off algorithm with variable dosing time and time delay. If the presence of foam is detected, then the controller first activates a delay timer. This type of foam controller works with some delay and variable dosing time. If at the end of the delay period the foam is still present, then the dosing pump is activated and chemical agent is added to the bioreactor. If the foam is still detected at the end of this period, the combined system of delay and dosing is reactivated. With this method of controller, addition of any unnecessary anti-foam is prevented. 

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