Color naphtha

Boron tritiuoride etherate— -hexanol complexes have successfully been used to polymerize P-pinene, as well as dipentene, to yield resins with softening points >70° C (82). Limonene or dipentene sulfate has been polymerized with aluminum chloride in a mixed toluene/high boiling aUphatic naphtha to give high yields of light colored resins (96). For the polymerization of dipentene or limonene, 4—8 wt % of AlCl has been used. Polymerization of P-pinene typically requires lower levels of catalyst relative to limonene or dipentene. 

Coumarone—Indene Kesins. These should be called polyindene resins (17) (see Hydrocarbon resins). They are derived from a close-cut fraction of a coke-oven naphtha free of tar acids and bases. This feedstock, distilling between 178 and 190°C and containing a minimum of 30% indene, is warmed to 35°C and polymeri2ed by a dding 0.7—0.8% of the phenol or acetic acid complex of boron trifluoride as catalyst. With the phenol complex, tar acids need not be completely removed and the yield is better. The reaction is exothermic and the temperature is kept below 120°C. When the reaction is complete, the catalyst is decomposed by using a hot concentrated solution of sodium carbonate. Unreacted naphtha is removed, first with Hve steam and then by vacuum distillation to leave an amber-colored resin. It is poured into trays, allowed to cool, and broken up for sale. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Naphtha Petroleum spirits Chemical Formula Not applicable. Observable Cbaracteristics - Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Like gasoline. 

Solvent Naphtha (160° benzol). A mixt of small percentages of benzene and toluene with xylene and higher homologs from coal tar. In crude form, a dark straw-colored liq, bp about 160° (80%), d 0.862—0.892g/cc, flash p about 78°F. When refined, a w-white liq, bp about 160° (90%), d 0.862-0.872g/cc, flash p about 78°F. May be obtained from coal tar by fractional distillation. When nitrated, used in Dynamites (Ref 5)... 

The naphtha will create a thick orange emulsion with small bubbles that sometimes takes over 48 hours to separate. Always wait a few days before trying other methods to break down the emulsion. Keeping the naphtha warm will increase the amount of alkaloids it carries with it during each extraction. To help keep the jar warm, place it in a pot surrounded by warm water. Naphtha floats. If DCM is used for our extraction solvent in STEP 7, we will have a faster resolving emulsion than naphtha (less than an hour in some cases.) The solvent will turn a darker color, usually reddish-brown or yellow. DCM sinks. Allow a minimum of 24 hours for the contents of the jar to react completely. If using methanol allow a minimum of 4 days warmed to room-temperature for reactions to complete. 

Brown acid oil-soluble petroleum sulfonates found in acid sludge that can be recovered by extraction with naphtha solvent. Brown-acid sulfonates are somewhat similar to mahogany sulfonates but are more water soluble. In the dry, oil-free state, the sodium soaps are light-colored powders. 

Iodine is used in many dyes and as a colorant for foods and cosmetics. Its silver salt is used in photographic negative emulsions. Other industrial applications include dehydrogenation of butane and butylenes to 1,3-butadiene as a catalyst in many organic reactions in treatment of naphtha to yield high octane motor fuel and in preparation of many metals in high purity grade, such as titanium, zirconium and hafnium. 

Clay Treating A process used to improve the color of cracked naphthas and light distillates. It is also used to remove surface active agents which can negatively impact the WSIM rating of jet fuel. 

Ethylene Cyanohydrin or /3-Hydroxypropio-nitrile, HO.CH8.CH2.CN mw 71.08, N 19.71% poisonous straw-colored Uq, sp gr 1.0404 at 25°/4, fr p -46°, bp 227-28°(dec), vapor pressure 20mm at 117 miscible with w, acet, ethanol, chlf, methyl-ethyl ketone si sol in eth insol in benz, CC14 naphtha. It can be prepd by interaction of ethylene oxide with... 

Black.—The universal ingredient for this color is lamp-black. There aro vast buildings, as a writer in the Encyclopedia Britcmnica remarks, appropriated to the Sole purpose of burning oil, naphtha, spirit, coal-gas, et cetera, to produce this black, which is collected from the sides and ceilings of the chambers. It is imported from Germany and many other countries, and no expense is spared to get the most superior quality.. ... 

Naphtha, occurring in Babylon, Dioscorides says, is white in color, though sometimes found black. Fire attacks it with great energy, so that it even seizes upon it from a distance.55... 

The term phthalocyanine was first used by R. P. Linstead in 1933 [1] to describe a class of organic dyes, whose colors range from reddish blue to yellowish green. The name phthalocyanine originates from the Greek terms naphtha for mineral oil and cyanine for dark blue. In 1930-1940, Linstead et al. elucidated the structure of phthalocyanine (H2Pc) and its metal complexes [1-11]. The basic structure is represented by phthalocyanine (1) itself ... 

Advantage of a multiple system, i.e. combination of HDM, HDS and HDN combination catalyst, over that of a dual-catalyst system is not conclusive. However, HDN catalyst is expected to impart color stability to naphtha and distillate products. 

Properties Water-white, mobile hquid pungent, suffocating odor. Turns to a pale-yellow color in contact with light and air. A lachrymator. D 0.8531 (20/20C), bp 102C, flash p 55F (12.7C), fp -69C, vap press 30 mm Hg (20C). Very soluble in water miscible with all proportions with alcohol, ether, benzene, toluene, kerosene, gasoline, solvent naphtha. 

Properties Light-straw-colored, oily liquid practically odorless. Edible. D 0.96, flash p 290F (143C). Insoluble in water soluble in methanol, ethanol, toluene, naphtha, and mineral oil miscible in certain proportions with cottonseed oil, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Combustible. 

Properties Cream-colored paste faint odor. Mp 23-27C, d 0.98, FFA <2.5%, iodine value 5-8, pH 8.0-8.6 (25C) (5% aqueous dispersion). Dispersible in water soluble in methanol and ethanol, toluene, naphtha, mineral oil, cottonseed oil, ethyl acetate. Combustible. 

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