Collection rate

Residential collection programs indicate high collection rates for easily recognized types of containers (Table 2). 

The luminescence of an excited state generally decays spontaneously along one or more separate pathways light emission (fluorescence or phosphorescence) and non-radiative decay. The collective rate constant is designated k° (lifetime r°). The excited state may also react with another entity in the solution. Such a species is called a quencher, Q. Each quencher has a characteristic bimolecular rate constant kq. The scheme and rate law are... 

In practice, the GC conditions should be designed to give the shortest analysis time while still providing the necessary selectivity (i.e., separation of both analyt-analyte and matrix-analyte). Selective detectors often have fast data collection rates and improved matrix-analyte selectivity, but analyte-analyte selectivity must be addressed solely by the GC separation. MS can improve both types of selectivity and, by reducing the reliance on the GC separation, faster analysis times can often be achieved in complicated mixtures. 

Gust G, Kozerski HP (2000) In situ sinking-particle flux from collection rates of cylindrical traps. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 208 93-106... 

The microcomputer is first initialized by means of a DIALOG program on the minicomputer which transmits calibration information, sample identification, and data collection rates. The microcomputer collects data at two operator selectable rates, initial and final. The starting rate is set faster to provide better initial resolution, with typical initial and final rates of 100 pts/sec and 10 pts/sec, respectively. The duration of the Initial period can also be varied, with a usual length of 1000 points. 

Instron data files which have been saved on the minicomputer can be analyzed at any time using the STRESS program. After reading the specified raw data file, the STRESS program first converts the voltages to stress values based upon the data collection rates and calibration parameters, according to Equation 1. 

Next, strain values are calculated according to the following equations. Equation 2 is used in the initial collection rate period and Equation 3 is used in the final period. 

In Equations 2 and 3, Ei and Ef are strains at point I in the initial and final collection rate areas, Is is the starting point and Ir is the rate transition point, Ti and Tf are the initial and final collection rates in sec/point, C is the crosshead speed in lnches/sec, and L is the sample length in inches. 

After these calculations, a least squares fit is done on the first 250 milliseconds of data to obtain the initial slope, which is Young s Modulus. This represents 5% or less of the data for a run of at least 2.4 seconds at an initial data collection rate of 100 points per second. 

Methanol Reduction at Ruthenium. The reduction of methanol to methane does occur as shown by the data in Table III. The data for each electrode are presented in the order that they were collected. Rates can be higher for methanol reduction compared to carbon dioxide reduction though faradaic efficiencies are lower. Unlike carbon dioxide reduction, the rate of methane formation is extremely... 

Accordingly, PET bottle recycling is increasing steadily, an effect which is compounded by an overall increase in consumption amounts and collection rates in some markets. On a world-wide basis, doubling of the PET bottle collection... 

Values of A , and k may be extracted from the polarographic data, although the treatment is complex. Examples of its use to measure the rate constants for certain redox reactions are given in Refs. 339 and 340 which should be consulted for full experimental details. The values obtained are in reasonable agreement with those from stopped-flow and other methods. The technique has still not been used much to collect rate constants for homogenous reactions. The availability of ultramicroelectrodes has enabled cyclic voltammograms to be recorded at speeds as high as 10 Vs". Transients with very short lifetimes (< ps) and their reaction rates may be characterised. ... 

Dialog 15, shown in Figure 1, is used for sample definition. This includes identification of the location of the sample in the automatic injector, the column set in use, the data collection rate, the detectors to be used, the operators initials and the sample identification. This definition file may be modified and displayed on the terminal, or printed. The file is updated during operation to show the current status of the samples. 

An effect of isotopic substitution within a reactant or substrate on a specific step in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The magnitude of an intrinsic isotope effect may not equal the magnitude of an isotope effect on collective rate parameters such as F ax or unless the... 

Such considerations raise the concept of the intrinsic kinetic isotope effect—the effect of isotopic substitution on a specific step in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The magnitude of an intrinsic isotope effect may not equal the magnitude of an isotope effect on collective rate parameters such as Vmax or Emax/ m, unless the isotopi-cally sensitive step is the rate-limiting or rate-contributing step. To tackle this problem, Northrop extended the kinetic theory for primary isotope effects in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. His approach can be illustrated with the following example of a one-substrate/two-intermedi-ate enzyme-catalyzed reaction ... 

In order to maximize the yield of trimethylvinyltin, pentanes should be removed as carefully as possible. The authors employed only 14/20-ground glassware in the distillation and carefully controlled the oil bath temperature to maintain a collection rate of approximately 0.3 nl. per min. 

Because of these collection rates, high-throughput synchrotron operations are as much an issue of sample and data management as of data collection. For this reason, SGX-CAT operations were included in the information management systems for the structural biology platform at SGX at the time of beamline commissioning. These data systems directly link beamline operations to SGX efforts in drug discovery and structural proteomics. 

Table III. Collected Rate Constants (in Mole"1 sec."1) for Autoxidation of Cumene and Tetralin...

It is important to ensure that the data collection rate is fast enough for peaks with low retention times in order to ensure good reproducibility of all peak parameters. For modern instrumentation, this is generally not a problem for example, FID detectors are typically able to achieve a data acquisition rate of 50-250 Hz using the standard instrument configuration. 

Collecting Rate for Families with Only a Single Genus Present in Tropical Africa... 

The time-space resolution that may be achieved with filter sampling techniques is dependent on the collection rate, limit of detection, and ambient concentrations. In aircraft applications, filters are typically operated at high flows (100-500 L/min) to maximize the mass accumulation rate. At these flow rates, sampling times on the order of 20 to 30 min are generally sufficient for measurement of substances in the urban troposphere. For sampling in the upper troposphere or in areas remote from pollutant sources, collection times of several hours may be necessary to obtain measurable quantities of material. 

Gas tariff collection rate is very low among the Georgian population. Gas consumption expenses have been mostly covered by the budget. This is a real source of corruption in Georgia. Itera used to disrupt gas supplies several times even in winter times because of payment disarrays-Liana J. 

It is not expected that significant improvement in collection rates for wholesale deliveries of electricity and natural gas can be achieved during a reasonable forecast period unless a significant change in collection rates and practices of handling cash flows takes place... 

Energy collection rates (solar, geothermal, and fuel cell) in kW or equivalent units (ER1, ER2, etc.)... 

QbR Boiler heat input rate QsR Solar heat collection rate QT1 Heat stored in T1 QT2 Heat stored in T2... 

Flux measurements (Schafer et al. 1974). The collection rate (Vc, nl/min) can be measured by the constant bore collection pipette by timed collections. Radioactive tracers can be added to the lumen or bath fluid. For instance, radioactively labelled inulin can be added to the perfusate (Inp) and can be used to measure volume absorption DV = perfusion rate (Vj-Vc). Unidirectional fluxes, bath to lumen and lumen to bath, for any given substance can be quantified, and permeabilities (Px) can be determined ... 

The perfusion rate (Rp) is calculated as the product of the measured collection rate (Rc) and the ratio of inulin concentration in collected tubular fluid and perfusate. Water absorption (Jv) is calculated as the difference between the calculated perfusion rate and the measured collection rate (Rp minus Rc). Jtco2 is calculated as... 

---