Collateral Ligament Medial Knee

Woo SL, Inoue M, McGurk-Burleson E, Gomez MA (1987) Treatment of the medial collateral ligament injury. II structure and function of canine knees in response to differing treatment regimens. Am J Sports Med 15(l) 22-29... 

This test evaluates the medial and lateral collateral structures. With the patient supine, the ankle joint is held between the examiner s side and arm, thus freeing both hands. The knee is tested in full extension by applying a valgus and then a varus force to the proximal tibia (abduction-adduction motion of leg) (Fig. 94-1). The examiner notes any instability or increased motion on application of force in either direction. Then the test is repeated with the knee slightly flexed. If the cruciate ligaments are intact, motion can be stable with the knee in full extension, even with collateral ligament rupture. 

Mathieu P, Wybier M, Busson J et al (1997) The medial collateral ligament of the knee. Ann Radiol 40 176-181 McCarthy CL, McNally EG (2004) The MRI appearance of cystic lesions around the knee. Skeletal Radiol 33 187-209 McCarthy DJ, Cheung HS (1982) Origin and significance of rice bodies in synovial fluid. Lancet 11 715-716... 

There are several bursae around the knee. These may be either subcutaneous in location (such as the prepatellar bursa and the superficial infrapatellar bursa), between tendons and bone (such as the deep infrapatellar bursa) or between tendons and ligaments (such as the anserine bursa, the semi-membranosus-medial collateral ligament bursa and... 

Soft-tissue disorders arising from the medial knee essentially comprise traumatic injuries of the medial collateral ligament and pes anserinus tendinopathy and bursitis. 

Fig. 14.72a,b. Pellegrini-Stieda lesion, a Coronal 12-5 MHz US image over the medial aspect of the knee with b radiographic correlation shows a calcification (arrow) at the proximal insertion of the superficial band of the medial collateral ligament (arrowheads). The US appearance of this calcification is typical of the Pellegrini-Stieda lesion and can he considered the result of a localized ligament tear... 

Lee JK, Song IS, Jung YB et al (1996a) Medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee ultrasonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med 15 621-625... 

A diagnosis was made of medial collateral knee ligament sprain, with somatic dysfunction of the knee joint. The patient was treated with osteopathic manipulation to increase the knee motion and rest, NSAlDs, and exercises to maintain the strength of the muscles as well as to maintain joint motion. 

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