Collaboration definition

This invariant applies to all external actions on a guest hence, it excludes the checkin and occupy actions themselves. A guest who checks into a lodge when his intended location for the next day is not at that same location will not trigger a checkout. However, actions from other collaborations could trigger it The home burned down action from the insurance collaboration, or the cops are onto me action from the shadowy pursuits collaboration definitely could trigger it. 

In the search for safe insecticides the authors have prepared hundreds of new products and subjected them to preliminary screening tests against insects. That part of their work dealing with methylenedioxyphenyl derivatives was prompted by the original fundamental studies of 0. F. Hedenburg, with whom they have collaborated in this field. Two materials of this type—piperonyl butoxide (I) and piperonyl cyclonene (II)—have recently been introduced commercially. These products have definite insecticidal properties in themselves, but show their maximum efficiency toward insects and other arthropods when used in combination with pyrethrins. Furthermore, they are at least as nontoxic... 

Definition of abstract connectors24 between components and their realization down to localized actions (see Figure 1.33). This is done with template collaborations, showing a scheme of interaction that can be mapped into specific types for any pair of components. 

In the common literature, a use case is typically a joint action involving at least one object (called an actor) outside the system of interest the granularity of the action is such that it accomplishes an objective for the actor. The use case is refined into a more detailed sequence of actions and is explored with sequence diagrams illustrating that collaboration. Use case diagrams can be used to capture the action refinement. Most current accounts of use cases fail to separate the specific action refinement (one of many that may be possible) from the single abstract action because the use case definition itself includes the specific sequence of steps followed to accomplish the use case this lack of separation can make it difficult to handle alternative decompositions. 

A collaboration abstracts a detailed dialog or protocol. In real life, every action we talk about—for example, I got some money from the cash machine —actually represents some sequence of finer-grained actions, such as I put my card in the machine I selected cash I took my money and my card. Ary action can be made finer. But at ary level, there is a definite postcondition. A collaboration spec expresses the postcondition at the appropriate level of detail— There s more cash in my pocket, but my account shows less. Thus, we defer details of interaction protocols. 

Features include types, collaborations, actions, patterns, classes, or extensions to classes—anything that has a name and a definition (see Figure 7.4). 

In the second case, the imported model contains partial definitions the extenders add the missing pieces in different ways. For example, you might have two slightly different networking requirements one for small offices and a second one for large offices. They could perhaps contain different collaboration or type definitions at a detailed level but be based on a common underlying abstract model. 

The framework in Figure 9.18 illustrates a relationship between a Trader who makes Orders from a Distributor. In the framework, we don t care how the Trader gets rid of stock, nor how the Distributor acquires it. We have shown this as a degenerate collaboration, as it will next be refined as a unit. (Notice that we ve made all the types substitutable except Date. So we would likely have Date defined as an actual type somewhere in the package in which this framework definition appears or in the packages it imports.)... 

Collaborations, as partial definitions of object roles and types and their interactions, provide support for a pattern view of the dynamic aspects of an architecture. A design is often best understood as a composition of such patterns onto the objects involved rather than in terms of individual objects or interactions. 

In Catalysis, a collaboration is defined as a set of related actions between objects. UML provides one definition for collaboration and then uses the term collaboration diagram to depict a sequence of messages that result from a particular triggering request to an object. We considered the term use case diagram but have not seen that used consistently for anything except the actor-level context diagram of a system. 

It is striking how open some chemists were to collaboration with physicists in the early decades of the twentieth century. We have seen detailed instances of this collaboration in our account in the foregoing chapters of the development of physical organic chemistry and quantum chemistry. Among the figures in the research schools we have analyzed, Lowry was one of the most outspoken about the need for joint endeavors between the physicists and chemists, saying in the early 1920s that "the time is indeed ripe for chemists to state definitely how many types of valency they require the physicists to provide."29... 

The work of Thiemens, Mauersberger, and their collaborators has now definitively established a pervasive mass independent isotope fractionation for oxygen containing molecules found in the atmosphere, upper atmosphere, and in space. These results, initially surprising because they are inconsistent with ordinary equilibrium... 

Brown (1959) has presented a charge transfer model of the transition state for electrophilic reactions which differs appreciably from that proposed by Fukui and his collaborators and leads to the definition of a new reactivity index termed the Z value . The model is based on a more conventional formulation of the charge transfer mechanism, which avoids the complete transfer of electrons associated with v = 0,1,2 in Fukui s model. There is no dependence on the formation of a pseudo tt orbital in the transition state, nor is hyperconjugation invoked. A wave function for a charge transfer complex is written as a linear combination of a wave function < o describing the unperturbed ground state of the molecule under attack, and a function which differs from (Pq in the replacement... 

Although the above condensations definitely failed to yield sucrose octaacetate, Irvine and his collaborators showed that they did produce, in addition to uncrystallized products, some D-glucose pentaacetate, some... 

---