Cola nut

Caffeine occurs in tea leaves, coffee beans, and cola nuts. Morphine is obtained from unripe opium poppy seed pods. Coniine, extracted from hemlock, is the alkaloid that killed Socrates. Fie was sentenced to death because of unconventional teaching methods teacher evaluations had teeth in them in ancient Greece. 

The analysis of the methylxanthines (caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline) is important in the areas of nutrition and clinical chemistry. These three compounds compose the majority of the alkaloids present in coffee, tea, cocoa, cola nuts, and guarana. 

Kola nut, also known as cola nut, cola, and African kola nut, is the seed kernel of a several large trees native to Africa, ft is extremely popular in the tropics as a caffeine-containing stimulant. Historically, it was believed to help hunters endure fatigue when food was not available. Today, kola nut is a stimulant and is believed to be an appetite suppressant, antidepressant, diuretic (water pill), and astringent (a material that causes body tissues to tighten). 

Abstract Caffeine, a xanthine alkaloid, occurs in teaplants, coffee, mate leaves and cola nuts, ft is also commonly found beverages, such as cola drinks, tea and energy drinks. 

Caffeine, 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, is the major alkaloid, occms in teaplants, coffee, guarana, cola nuts, cocoa beans, mate and other plants. It is a powerful stimirlant of the central nervous system and also stimirlates the cardiac muscle. However, high... 

Stimulation Coffee bean, tea, cola nut Caffeine, most widely consumed stimulant in the world... 

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant drug in the world. It occurs naturally in coffee, tea, and the cola nut and is added to many soft drinks. Many of us consume coffee and soft drinks because of the desirable stimulatory effects produced by caffeine many of us have consumed too much caffeine and felt the consequences. The undesirable effects of caffeine, the agitation, the inability to concentrate, the mild tremors, and the general unpleasantness, are a form of neurotoxicity. Literally your brain, and more specifically, the adenosine receptors in your brain, has too much caffeine. These effects are a reversible form of neurotoxicity. Fortunately, we metabolize caffeine quickly and the undesirable effects end. By experience we have learned how to moderate our caffeine consumption to avoid the unpleasant side effects. A great deal of money is made from the neuroactive and physiological effects of caffeine. You can learn more about this fascinating drug in the chapter on caffeine. 

Cocaine is introduced into Italian wines, and an Atlanta druggist follows this practice and also includes cola nut extracts to produce a nonalcoholic drink, Coca-Cola. 

Another, and perhaps more obvious, development area is the constant search for new flavours and unusual ingredients. There is currently a great interest in the use of various botanical extracts such as guarana and ginseng because of their implied qualities, but it is noteworthy that one of the oldest and certainly the most successful flavours, cola, was originally formulated with, and still contains, a natural vegetable extract of cola nut. 

As indicated above, another area of interest is the re-introduction of botanical extracts into soft drinks, ft is sometimes overlooked that one of the earliest widely available soft drinks was based on an extract of cola nut. 

Flourishing in warm and tropical areas with a few in temperate zones, the Sterculiaccae yield chocolate (cacao), cola nuts, limber, and cultivated ornamentals. 

In an earlier study using multiple regression analysis to determine the basis of interindividual variations in antipyrine clearance among 49 Gambians (29), the principal causative factor identified was the number of cola nuts chewed per day (r = 0.4). However, in a prospective study on an entirely different population of carefully controlled, environmentally stable normal male subjects... 

An extract of cola nut in alcohol lormerly was used in medicine. The label of this old bottle reads, "Thera peutically, kola resembles guarani and coca."... 

Cola is a caffeine-containing seed, or nut, from a tropical tree, the cola tree. In some African countries cola nuts are so valuable they are used as money. The nuts have a bitter, aromatic taste, and people chew them for their stimulating effect. Bottled cola drinks have very little cola nut in them and do not taste like cola nuts at all. Though they do contain caffeine, it is usually synthetic caffeine or caffeine extracted from coffee or tea. These soft drinks are also drugs, and people can become dependent on them, as with coffee. Also, they contain a lot of sugar. 

From an economic standpoint, the most important CNS stimulant is caffeine (1,3,7-tri-methylxanthine, 4). It occurs naturally and is a product of kola (cola) nuts (Cola nitida. 

Caf,Tb.Tp,8ClTp Analysis in pharmaceutical raw products (tea, cola nuts, etc.) uBondapak C18 300x4.6 Me0H-H20(2 3) 131... 

Caf.Tb.Tp Analysis coffee,tea and cola nuts Lichroprep Si60 240x10 CHCl3-Et0H-25 NH40H(90 10 0.25) 206... 

CAS 83-67-0. C7H8N402. The alkaloid found in cocoa and chocolate products. A purine base closely related to caffeine. Also occurs in tea and cola nuts. 

Dr. William Cook, in his book A Compend of the Newer Materia Medica, recounted the accepted uses of Serenoa "It influences the sensory and sympathetic nerve peripheries, the mucous membranes and reproductive organs of both sexes." T. J. Lyle, M.D., in his textbook Physio-Medical Therapeutics, Materia Medica and Pharmacy, also reinforced the prevailing uses of Serenoa. He noted an interesting formula for a saw palmetto compound that he recommended as an excellent tonic diuretic the ingredients were Serenoa, parsley, cola nut, sandalwood, and essential oils. 

Refer to the cola nut analysis in Experiment 13, Appendix A, and determine what the concentration of caffeine is in ppm. 

Caffeine is found in tea, coffee, mate leaves, guarana paste, and cola nuts. See Experiment 11, p. 535, for additional information. The law on cola beverages is that they must not contain more than 0.02% caffeine (200 ppm), making no distinction between that added and that present naturally. 

C 46,66%, H 4.48%, N 3j.l0%, O 17.76%. The principal alkaloid of the cacao bean which contains 1.5-3% of the base. Also preseot in cola nuts and io tea- Usually extracted from the hull of cacao beans which contains 0.7 -1.2%, Extraction process Schwyzer, Die Fabrication Phar-... 

A natural product is a compound synthesized by a plant or an animal. Alkaloids are natural products that contain one or more nitrogen heteroatoms and are found in the leaves, bark, roots, or seeds of plants. Examples include caffeine (found in tea leaves, coffee beans, and cola nuts) and nicotine (found in tobacco leaves). Morphine is an alkaloid obtained from opium, the juice derived from a species of poppy. Morphine is 50 times stronger than aspirin as an analgesic, but it is addictive and suppresses respiration. Heroin is a synthetic compound that is made by acetylating morphine (Section 30.3). 

Caffeine is consumed in coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, and soft drinks. It occurs naturally in the leaves of coffee, tea, and mate and in cola nuts. It is used in medicine and found in many drugs. It is used as a cardiac stimulant. 

---