Coding data

Fig. 7. Graphical representations of (a) the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and (b) the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) for ranitidine. It is possible, in the ordinarily visible color-coded data not shown here, to distinguish the strong localization (a) of the HOMO to the sulfur atom and adjacent nitroethyleneamine fragment and the contrasting localization (b) of the LUMO to the nitroethylenearnine fragment. Neither the LUMO not HOMO appear to have contributions from the dimethylaminomethyl-suhstitiited furan.

Berthelsen CL. Evaluation of coding data quality of the HCUP National Inpatient Sample. Top Health Inf Manage 2000 21 10-23. 

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The Facts database consists of the coded data and for most accidents an additional extended abstract, which briefly describes what actually happened. The coded data shows in more detail ... 

The parameter estimates obtained by a linear least-squares analysis of the original coded data (Cl) are shown in Table XV. After a canonical analysis, this equation becomes... 

Autoscaling is a technique for coding data so that the mean is zero and the standard deviation is unity. What should Cy, and Jy, be to autoscale the nine responses in Section 3.1 (Hint see Figure 3.3.)... 

Thus, in modem research using interval and ratio scales the 5x usually shouldn t be ignored. Let s add 8x, to the calculation to obtain b, as would be done with regression analysis. Because Xj went from a coded level of -1 to a coded level of -t-1, 5x, = 2. Thus, b (the factor effect in the coded factor space) = 8y,/8xJ = -i-3.6% per 2 coded units = -i-1.8% per coded unit. The fact that 8x is equal to 2 with this system of coding is why regression analysis of coded data gives results that are smaller by Vi from the results obtained from the classical approach ... 

In the production of ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide, the conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide, X, is a function of the activity Zi of the silver catalyst and the residence time Z2. the following coded data are available ... 

Due to the fact that the first phase of manipulation of such data is usually a fast scanning of the entire collection, a highly compressed representation of uniformly coded data is essential in order to accelerate the handling. After the search reduces the collection to a smaller group in which the target object is supposed to be, the full (extended) representation of objects can be invoked if necessary for further manipulation. In the next sections we shall discuss the use of two methods, Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) and Fast Hadamard Transformation (FHT), for the reduction of object representations and show by some examples in 1- and 2-dimensional patterns (spectra, images) how the explained procedures can be used... 

SIMPLISMA. Nonnegativity constraints are applied to constrain concentration profiles and Raman spectra. The concentration submatrices related to each individual image are constrained, taking into account the information available about the presence or absence of the different compounds in the data set. This information is expressed in a binary-coded data matrix, where 1 represents the present compounds and 0 represents the absent compounds. The column labels A, E, and U refer to active, excipient, and unknown, respectively, and the percentages show the abundance of the active compound in the corresponding tablet. 

Hard-coded data changes in nonconversion programs... 

COMPOUND STAB. NO. CODE DATA AVG S.D. UNITS ANALYSIS METHOD NO. NUMBER ... 

Due to the fact that in most companies the sample storage and retrieval facilities are centralized, the test samples have to be transferred to the screening groups at various locations. Therefore, logistics such as bar-coding, data transfer, and delivery are crucial points. Delivery of the samples is performed usually in 96-well format after sealing with removable films in solution (e.g. on dry ice in DMSO), or as neat-films. Workstations able to seal microplates, label with bar-codes, and remove organic solvents in order to prepare neat-films are commercially available. 

For effective performance and fault management mobile agents were employed [269]. Mobile agents are autonomous pieces of application code that can move from host to host carrying their code, data, and status with them. This leads to local instead of remote communication, which reduces network load and response times. 

The term markup comes from the notion of marking proofs of books, papers, and articles for printing and publication, typically as an editor s way of coding elements that call for special treatment by the typesetter. For example, a pencil might be used to show that a certain part of a mathematical equation, or a reference note, should have been a superscript, as in example superscript jn HTML, this is conveyed by example but displayed as example superscript by internet browser software such as Windows Explorer. The effect of XML is that when converted to HTML, coded data can be easily displayed and in a readable manner. 

NAOUADAT Dictionary of Parameter Codes. Data Systems Section, Water Quality Branch, Environment Canada, Ottawa, 1986. 

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) was established as a service to international science at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States in 1971 to store and curate the atomic coordinates of macromo-lecular stmctures. Original versions of the whole data bank were distributed on magnetic tape to scientists, then on compact discs, and now they are freely available via the Internet (http //www.rcsb.org/). The PDB is part of the wwPDB whose mission is to ensure that the PDB archive remains an international resource with uniformly coded data. Other related sites are located in Japan (PDBj, http //www.pdbj.org/) and in Europe (MSD-EBI, http //www.ebi.ac.uk/msd/). In addition to coordinates, the PDB stores experimental diffraction data, and it provides many tools for analyzing and displaying structures. As of April 15, 2008, the PDB held 50,277 sets of atomic coordinates from proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates determined by X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. About 5000 new stmctures are released each year, and the database is expected to treble to 150,000 by 2014. 

Coded data are obtained by multiplying, dividing, adding, and/or subtracting a constant in order to convert the original data into more convenient values. 

Although the specific methods of analysis vary somewhat amongst die different qualitative traditions, most qualitative research designs include the concepts of coding data and inductive data analysis to develop categories. For example, after interviews are transcribed verbatim, text is segmented into phrases or sentences and given a code that labels the main idea of this chunk of text. 

Medical history Available as coded data only Usually available as complete narrative... 

This idea is clearly embedded, but not particularly elaborated, by Nelson and Platnick (1981) in the sense that ancestors, whether taxa or characters, appear to be based on the absence of evidence. All cladists agree that cladistics is about grouping by synapomorphy and that synapomorphy is evidence of relationship. Three-item statements analysis codes data in the sense that taxon and homology represent the same relationship (Nelson and Ladiges, 1994), and unlike all other methods, it focuses on the smallest possible unit of relationship, the three-item statement, and then finds the tree to accommodate the most statements (Nelson and Ladiges, 1991d, 1994,1995). Viewed this way, three-item statements analysis shows an entirely different appreciation of data and accordingly, it improves the precision of parsimony (Nelson and Platnick, 1991 Morrone and Carpenter, 1994). 

Characteristic material properties (see EUROCOMP Design Code Data, Table 4.12). 

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