Cockroaches germanica

The optically active Trogoderma -pheromones ( )- and (Z)-24have been synthesized starting from (5)-citronellol and 4-pentynoic acid [192], Alkatrienes 25, sex attractants of Lepidoptera, were prepared by mixed Kolbe electrolysis with linolenoic acid [193], 26, the pheromone of the German cockroach Blattela Germanica has been prepared from 3-methylheneicosanoic acid [194], ( ) — Tuberculostearic acid (27) has been... 

On the other hand, the lethal efficacy for adult house flies (Musca domestica) is about the same as D-allethrin and approximately 0.5 that of prallethrin. In addition, the efficacy for female adult German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) is approximately twice that of D-allethrin and approximately 0.5 that of prallethrin. From the results mentioned above, we can see that Metofluthrin has an extremely high lethal efficacy for mosquitoes in particular. 

Tropomyosin is a protein found in vertebrates and invertebrates, but only the protein from invertebrates has allergic properties. It is frequently found in sea foods, such as shrimps, crabs, American lobsters. Pacific flying squids, and also in some species of cockroaches (Blattela germanica, Periplaneta americand), moths, spiders, and house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae) (Witteman et ah, 1994). 

Relatively high concentrations of boron componnds are used to control fruitflies, cockroaches, gypsy moth larvae, houseflies, and woodboring insects (Sprague 1972 USEPA 1975 Table 29.6). Boric acid is an effective stomach poison for several insect species, including German cockroaches (Blattella germanica), that are unable to detect the presence of boric acid (USEPA 1975). Insect infestation of wood and other substrates can be prevented by pretreatment with boric acid or borax at... 

GERMAN COCKROACH, Blattella germanica Baits containing 25% boric acid plus honey Population reduction of 50% in about 5 days, 80% in 4 weeks,... 

Gupta, A.P. and M.D. Parrish. 1984. Effectiveness of a new boric acid bait (roach killer cream) on German cockroach (Blattella germanica) populations in urban dwellings. Uttar Pradesh Jour. Zool. 4 51-56. 

The aggregation pheromones of insects can be classified into two groups those emitted by males or females to attract both sexes simultaneously for resource exploitation and/or mating (e.g., bark beetles Byers, 1989) and those emitted to attract and arrest individuals of specific developmental stages, as found in the German cockroach Blattella germanica (Ishii and Kuwahara, 1967,1968 Sakuma and Fukami, 1990, 1993). 

Ishii, S. and Kuwahara, Y. (1967). An aggregation pheromone of the German cockroach Blattella germanica L. (Orthoptera Blattellidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 2 203-217. 

Sakuma, M. and Fukami, H. (1990). The attraction of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera Blattellidae) to their aggregation pheromone. Applied Entomology and Zoology 25 355-368. 

The length of copulation is highly variable in cockroaches. In B. germanica, copulation averages 95 min under laboratory conditions (Schal and Chiang, 1995),... 

B. germanica is a small cockroach, 10-15 mm long, and pale tan to brown the females are broader than the males, and both sexes have wings covering most or all of the abdomen. It probably originated in southeast Asia, the center of diversity of the genus, and it is now one of the most common indoor pests. It prefers warm,... 

As in B. germanica, newly molted males and nymphs elicit wing-raising courtship responses from sexually mature N. cinerea males (Fukui and Takahashi, 1983, 1999 Schal and Bell, 1983). It seems that all individuals, when newly molted, can stimulate male courtship, and that males and nymphs, but not females, produce secondary compounds as they age that reduce this effect. A compound that inhibits male courtship was identified from older nymphs as cis-25,26-epoxyhenpentacontadiene (Fukui and Takahashi, 1999). Whether there is an adaptive advantage for nymphs to stimulate courtship soon after the molt and later inhibit this behavior in mature males is not clear. It is possible that by mimicking females teneral cockroaches are better protected from aggressive males, but this has not been demonstrated. 

Dusham, E. H. (1918). The dorsal pygidial glands of the female cockroach, Blattella germanica. Canadian Entomologist 50 278-280. 

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