Coatings industry product types

PRANE The Coatings Industry Economics and End-Use Markets Table I. U.S. Coatings Industry Product Types... 

Calcium carbonate is one of the most common filler/extenders used in the paint and coatings industry. Consumer and contractor paint formulas can include products from submicrometer size to coarse mesh sizes. The main function of calcium carbonate in paint is as a low cost extender. It is also used to improve brightness, appHcation properties, stabiHty, and exposure resistance. Coarse products help to lower gloss and sheen or even provide textured finishes. The selection of product type and particle size is deterrnined by the desired performance and cost of the coating. 

The characteristics of the coatings Industry are such that most companies market many lines of products and within each line there are many individual products, each containing different ingredients. Usually the revenue from each product or each product line can not justify using this modeling/simulation approach in problem solving, because of the extent of technical efforts required. To be cost effective in our industry, only problems which cut across product lines justify the use of this approach. The two examples discussed here are selected to illustrate the types of problems which are amenable to this approach and the advantages and weaknesses of this approach in R. D. work. 

Several types of reactions involving solids with gases or liquids occur at the interface between the two phases. The most important reaction of this type is corrosion. Efforts to control or eliminate corrosion involve research that spans the spectrum from the coatings industry to the synthesis and production of corrosion-resistant materials. The economic ramifications of corrosion are enormous. Although there are numerous types of reactions that can be represented as taking place at an interface, the oxidation of a metal will be described. Figure 8.6 represents the oxidation of a metal. 

The types of products produced by the U.S. coatings industry are shown in Table I. Sales of the Industry, distributed by shipments in the three general categories shown, are reported by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, in their monthly "Current Industrial Reports" M28F. Table II is a summary of these reports for the period 1977-82, with projections to 1987. Figure 1 displays these data in graphical form. Shipments for 1987 are estimated in terms of constant 1982 dollars, since exact inflation factors cannot be realistically predicted. 

Environmental Control. Three types of pollution can be attributable to operations associated with the coatings industry (as well as other, similar industries) air (from coatings production and application) water (process and waste water discharged to sewers, streams, and lakes) solid (solid waste generation to landfills). 

Roller coating is used mainly by the coil coating industry for prefinishing metal coils that will later be formed into products. It is also used for finishing flat sheets of material. There are two types of roller coalers, direct and reverse, depending on the direction of the applicator roller relative to the direction of the substrate movement. Roller coating can apply multiple coats to the front and back of coil stock with great uniformity. 

Butanol is used to produce plasticizer-type esters like phthalates, phosphates, sebacates, oleates, and stearates. Two important ester derivatives, n-butyl acetate and n-butyl acrylate, used in the coating are produced from n-butanol. Glycol ether derivatives like ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EB) used in the coating industry is the product of the n-butanol reaction with ethylene oxide in the presence of an acidic catalyst. Other important derivatives of n-butanol include butyl amines and butyl esters used as herbicides, butyl xanthate ore flotation aids, butylated urea, and melamine-formaldehyde resins. 

The Minnesota Toxics in Specified Products Law remains an important issue for cadmium pigments. The LMAC has voted unanimously not to ban cadmium pigments in Minnesota. Specific product reviews for certain commercial and industrial coatings did result in bans of those products. Pigment consumers should carefully assess the status of product types and pigment availability before manufacturing in Minnesota. 

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