Coasts water characteristics

The influence of river water inputs on trace metal distributions is illustrated in Figure 11.17c, which shows that the surface-water concentration of dissolved Mn in the Pacific Ocean decreases with increasing distance from the California coast. The vertical profile measured in the coastal zone (Figme 11.17b) exhibits a strong surface enrichment characteristic of scavenged trace elements. A similar vertical gradient is seen in the... 

An important result of the comparative analysis of the water circulation in different years and the relevant information on the wind field consists in the establishment of the possibility of appearance and, sometimes, long-term (up to 8 months) existence of anticyclonic eddies in the open sea (beyond the continental slope) and in revealing the factors that favor this phenomenon. Deep-sea anticyclones are characteristic only of the eastern basin (Fig. 3), where their appearance results from the separation of the anticyclones formed due to the RC instability at the sites with a narrow continental slope (Caucasian and Anatolian coasts and the southeastern coast of the Crimea) from the coast. The wide and gentle northwestern slope imposes a stabilizing effect on the RC. The anticyclonic eddies that found themselves over this slope owing to their formation off the southwestern coast of the Crimea or transfer from the eastern basin propagate to the southwest never entering the deep-water part of the sea. 

Fourqurean J. S., Jones R. D., and Zieman J. C. (1993) Processes influencing water column nutrient characteristics and phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton biomass in Florida Bay, FL, USA inferences from spatial distributions. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 36, 295-314. 

The reverse interpretation can be applied to presently air-filled coastal caves that contain speleothems with the rough textured overgrowths characteristic of deposition under water. Such dated deposits observed on Mallorca were correlated with sea level highs on the Mediterranean coast (Vesica et al, 2000). 

Surface-Water Oxygen Consumption. Simpson and Zirino 103) observed that the pH of freshly upwelled seawater is distinctly lower than normal surface seawater they used this characteristic to map the extent of freshly upwelled seawater off the coast of Peru. Other characteristics of freshly upwelled seawater are low chlorophyll, low temperature, low oxy-... 

Throughout the Earth s history, the locations and characteristics of coasts correspond to the amount of water in the oceans. Although unnoticeable in a single human lifetime, the volume of the world s oceans has varied dramatically over the life of the Earth. Two of the primary factors that determine ocean volume are the amount of ice in the ocean and the size of the ocean basin. 

It is obvious that ice conditions in the coastal waters are highly variable from season to season, but there are winter seasons that have similar characteristics. With respect to the German Baltic coast, five ice winter classes derived from the frequency distribution of have been defined as follows ... 

Field current patterns imposed on the model were approximated from data collected by Southern California Edison (17), owners of the station. For purposes of the demonstration simulation, a changing sequence of currents was selected to represent the history of local transport over a half tidal cycle of 6 hr. It consisted of a 0.3 knot current down-coast (south) for the first hour while copper discharge was occurring, a null period of zero current velocity for 2 hr, and a 3-hr period of 0.3 knot current upcoast. Current vectors were directed parallel to the coastline and were considered to represent average velocities through the full depth of the water column. Dispersion characteristics of the nearshore waters were represented by values of = 3 m sec and Ey = 2 m sec in the mixing zone, and were increased to 4 m sec and 3 m sec for all other elements (16). They were maintained steadily at these values throughout the 6-hr period simulated. 

---