CN chloroacetophenone

CMPF - cyclohexyl methyl phos-phonofluoridate CN - chloroacetophenone. 

CN. Chloroacetophenone or Phenacyl Chloride, CgHg.CO.CH Cl greyish solid with fruity odor, mp 129°F(54°) it is a strong tear-producing substance(Ref l6,p 176 Ref 36,p 29-29... 

CN (chloroacetophenone, a tear gas) is generally used as a solid aerosol or smoke solutions (Mace) are used at close quarters. 

CN - Chloroacetophenone, a irritant agent. COLPRO - Collective protection. 

Agents CN, chloroacetophenone, and CA, bromobenzylcyanide, are both white, crystalline solids with boiling points of 478°F and 468°F, respectively, and freezing points of 129°F and 77°F, respectively. Vapor density for CN is 5.3, and for CA it is 4.0, both of which are heavier than air by four and five times, resepctively. CN has an odor similar to apple blossoms, and CA smells like sour fruit. Agent CA is normally found as a liquid, and CN can also be used as a liquid in suitable solvents. When released, these agents produce a bluish-white cloud at the time of release. 

Tear-producing compounds cause copious tears and irritation of the skin, and are widely used for training and riot control. The principal tearing compounds include chloroacetophenone (CN) chloroacetophenone in chloroform (CNC) chlo-roacetophenone, chloropicrin, and chloroform mixture (CNS) chloroacetophenone, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride mixture (CNB) bromobenzylcyaitide (CA) and 0-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS). 

CN (chloroacetophenone) is used as a crowd control measure by paramilitary or police forces. It is supplied in small pressurised aerosol canisters and is known as mace or tear gas. It was investigated, but not used, during World Wars I and II, and was used in the Vietnam War. It is more toxic than CS gas, which has largely replaced it. 

CS was developed in the late 1950s as a riot control substance. It is a more potent irritant than chloroacetophenone, but is less incapacitating. In the late 1960s, stocks of CS replaced CN. Presently, the US Army uses CS for combat training and riot control purposes. 

CNC is a formulation of chloroacetophenone. Like CN, CNC has a pronounced lacrimatory effect, resulting in a natural reflex to shut the eyes. It is similarly irritating to the skin, especially the face and such exposed portions of the body where sweat accumulates. The same rashes caused by CN will be caused by CNC. CNC has a slightly more powerful choking effect than CN. Eye toxicity remains about the same as CN. Some sensitive individuals may experience nausea upon exposure. CNC can form lethal concentrations in closed or confined spaces, although concentrations in open are highly unlikely ever to do so. 

Riot control/incapacitants, which cause extreme discomfort or mental confusion such as tear gas, chloroacetophenone (CN), or 3-quinuclidinylben-zilate (BZ). 

Also reported as a mixture with various solvents including CNB (mixture of 10% chloroacetophenone, 45% benzene, and 45% carbon tetrachloride), CNC (mixture of 30% chloroacetophenone and 70% chloroform), CND (mixture of chloroacetophenone and ethylene dichloride), and CNS (C13-A015). 

Williams, Kenneth E. Detailed Facts About Tear Agent 2-Chloroacetophenone (CN). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD United States Army Center for Elealth Promotion and Preventive Medicine, 1996. 

Synonyms AI3-52322 BRN 0507950 CAP CAP Caswell No. 179C CCRIS 2370 Chemical mace 1-Chloroacetophenone 2-Chloroacetophenone Q-Chloroacetophenone Chloromethyl phenyl ketone 2-Chloro-l-phenylethanone CN EINECS 208-531-1 EPA pesticide chemical code 018001 Mace NC1-C55107 NSC 41666 Phenacyl chloride Phenyl chloromethyl ketone Tear gas UN 1697. 

Comparative Acute Mananalian Toxicity of 10-Chioro-5, lQ-dihydrophenarsa ine (DM7, Chloroacetophenone (CN), 2-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS), and Oiben (b,f](1,4Joxazepine (CR) ... 

Ballantyne, B. and Swanston, D.W. The comparative acute mammalian toxicology of 1-chloroacetophenone (CN) and 2-chlorobenzylldene malononltrlle (CS). Arch. Toxicol. 40 75-95, 1978. 

Chloroacetophenone (Mace, 1-chloroacetophenone, -chloroaceto-phenone, CAP, phenyl chloromethyl ketone), a lacrlmator, Is a white volatile crystalline solid with an odor like that of apple blossoms. It Is commonly referred to as CN. It melts at 54°C, bolls at 24S°C, Is slightly soluble In water, and Is soluble In ethanol, benzene, acetone, and benzyl chloride. 0 Its vapors are extremely Irritating to the eyes and skin and may cause permanent Injury to eyes. 

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