Tear producing,

The standard tear-producing agents currently in the US Army inventory for riot control are CS, CS1, CS2, CSX, and CR. The United States considers agent CN (popularly known as mace or tear gas) and its mixtures with various chemicals obsolete for military employment. This chapter includes these materials, however, for complete coverage of compounds with potential for use against US forces. This chapter also presents information regarding CN mixtures as an example of how agent properties can be tailored to the method of dissemination. 

Ammunition, tear-producing with burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 0018... 

CN. Chloroacetophenone or Phenacyl Chloride, CgHg.CO.CH Cl greyish solid with fruity odor, mp 129°F(54°) it is a strong tear-producing substance(Ref l6,p 176 Ref 36,p 29-29... 

Halliwell et al. (55) have described a model that uses hydroxyl radicals generated from Fenton reaction to degrade 2-deoxy-D-ribose. The decomposed products of deoxyribose are 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TEARS). If the antioxidant present in the system scavenges hydroxyl radicals generated, deoxyribose is protected and the amount of TEARS produced is less. 

This ester is a powerful lachrymator (tear producer) and vesicant (blistering agent) and should be dispensed from a bottle provided with a pipette and a pipetter. Even a trace of ester on the skin should be washed off promptly with methanol, followed by soap and water. 

The order in which to use drops is determined by the effect of the drops or their formulation. If one drop causes stinging it should be used last so that the tears produced as a result do not wash out the second drop. 

PAN is a powerful lachrymator, or tear producer, and causes breathing difficulties. 

Tear Gas Candles, Non-Explosive Tear Gas Grenades, Non-Explosive Devices containing tear-producing substances which, in minute quantities dispersed in air, cause extreme eye irritation and profuse tears. IMO 6261... 

Alliin (73) in onions decomposes to yield the lachrymatory (tear-producing) compound 5yn-propanethial 5-oxide (81) (Fig. 13.15). In the presence of water, this compound is hydrolyzed to propionaldehyde, sulfuric acid, and H2S (Luckner, 1990). 

Benzyl chloride is a lachrymator, a tear-producing substance. 

Tear-producing compounds cause copious tears and irritation of the skin, and are widely used for training and riot control. The principal tearing compounds include chloroacetophenone (CN) chloroacetophenone in chloroform (CNC) chlo-roacetophenone, chloropicrin, and chloroform mixture (CNS) chloroacetophenone, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride mixture (CNB) bromobenzylcyaitide (CA) and 0-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS). 

Ammonium Nitrate with not more 1942 43 Ammunition, tear-producing, non- 2017 58... 

CREOSOTE, coal tar 2017 58 AMMUNITION, tear producing, non-explosive... 

Volatile mustard oil (or allyl isothiocyanate) is an extremely powerful irritant and produces blisters on the skin. It is also tear producing (lachrymatory) and has counterirritant properties when greatly diluted (e.g., 1 in 50). It should not be tasted or inhaled when undiluted. It is one of the most toxic essential oils (gosselin jiangsu martindale). ... 

The lachrymating (tear-producing) principle in crushed or cut onion is thiopropanal 5-oxide (propanethial 5-oxide) produced from its precursor, tran5-5-(l-propenyl)-cpteine sulfoxide, by the action of alliinase. ... 

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