Cleaning drums

In a pilot project of the Verband der Chemischen Industrie, a facility for disposing of chemical drums was erected in the Hoechst Ruhrchemie plant. After pretreatment, drums with capacities of >120 L are cleaned, dried, and examined for damage and cleanliness. Clean drums are forwarded to recycling. Damaged drums larger than 120 (60) L as well as small containers ( < 120 or 60 L) are ground, washed, and dried. The materials, in the form of pure steel scrap or sorted plastic chips, are then available for recycling [253], [270]. 

Wastage does not have to be dramatic to be easily observed on a full coverage scan. Figure 14 and 15 show a tube with 0,2 ram of eccentricity that has been in service for two years and has 0,15 mm of wastage near the drum. New tubes are good indicators to determine wastage rates as the scans are very clean without noise of uneven rough corrosion. 

Removable-Medium Filters Some drum filters provide for the filter medium to be removed and reapplied as the drum rotates. This feature permits the complete discharge of thin or sticky cake and provides the regenerative washing of the medium to reduce blinding. Higher filtration rates are possible because of the thinner cake and clean medium, but this is compromised by a less pure filtrate than normally produced by a nonremovable medium. 

Platform scale, manual cutoff 1 Drum 55 gal 208L 6-ply fiber (300 Ih) Lever-locked steel cover Cleaning compound 45 721 -20 to -1-80 mesh... 

Occasionally, a small clean-up of a few tons may occur. These are usually handled via placing the waste in open-topped drums that are sealed with a hd and ring closure. Consultation with the ultimate treatment facihty is important to select the correct drum size and material and eliminate the need for repackaging the waste. 

Hence, copper heat exchanger tubes handling acetic acid can he more seriously corroded at low temperatures than at high temperatures. Sulfuric acid at room temperature is handled routinely in carbon steel drums and tanks when water concentration is low, but it becomes extremely corrosive as water concentration increases. As ferric-ion concentration increases during acid cleaning of industrial systems, the corrosion rate of steel increases rapidly. 

Heavy-walled drums once used for lead antiknock chemicals have been used for water storage or as barbecue pits, with subsequent risk to the user from residual toxic material. Equipment from the industry cited has for many years been cleaned, cut up, and sent under supervision to steel mills for recycle to eliminate the possible misuse of scrapped containers. 

Personnel and equipment need to be decontaminated in the CRZ. However, the CRZ might be a small area immediately adjacent to the remediation area, which workers are aware of, and is also marked appropriately. Although the CRZ is less formal and likely does not have many decontamination stations, efforts should be made to make sure that personnel and equipment are appropriately cleaned. Many times, due to the logistics of a smaller job, disposal of wastes becomes difficult. If purge water is drummed and left on the site, it is imperative that it is identified, labeled properly, recorded in the site log, and disposed of in the proper manner (in accordance with applicable, local, state, federal, or other regulations). 

Roll A roll of filter medium on a drum that advances clean new material as the filter becomes clogged that may be manually or automatically driven. 

Oxygen corrosion, occurring as General etch corrosionAmiform rate corrosion (less common form) Localized corrosion (takes several forms and common where waterside conditions are less than ideal) Rare in correctly treated boilers but can affect drum waterline and tubes. More common in idle and low-load boilers, where water chemistry is unbalanced, under high MU conditions and after poor chemical cleaning. Also in peak-load boilers, especially where deposition can occur. Localized corrosion can be very serious, causing metal failure. 

Boiler fireside walls, baffles, tubesheets, tubes and drums should be cleaned to remove ash and soot before examination. Where soot blowers are installed, they should be utilized as a means of cleaning fireside surfaces before the boiler load has dropped to 50% and should not be operated again, especially if the fire has been extinguished because a risk of explosion exists. 

WT boilers usually have a manhole door at either end of the top and bottom drums. These are obviously closed during cleaning, so it often is difficult to gauge the effectiveness of the clean. 

Finally, before going into service, the boiler is partially dropped and the top drum and tubes are inspected to determine the effectiveness of the clean. This is likely to require that some tube sections be cut out for sampling. 

Traditionally, a common solution to the problem of matching relatively higher levels of technical support with lower chemical volumes for these smaller customers has been via a one- to three-year, fully inclusive product and services contract. Such a contract will specify the frequency of service visits to be made to the customer s site and the type of work to be carried out. It will also, perhaps, limit the maximum volumes of chemical treatments to be supplied during the contract lifetime, or perhaps designate the amount of chemicals required based on treating a certain annual volume of boiler FW. Contracts may include for the provision of chemical feed and control equipment and for the supply of labor for boiler cleaning, chemical addition, and drum removal services (drumless delivery). Product and services contract prices may some-... 

The drum is immersed in the liquid to be filtered. A vacuum is pulled in the drum to create the pressure drop necessary to cause the fluid to flow through the filter media into the drum. The solids are retained on the surface of the filter medium. After the belt and the adhered solids leave the fluid, the vacuum continues and most of the liquid in the solids is removed. The solids are then discharged and both sides of the belt are cleaned. 

Charging mixed nitrating acid into an insufficiently cleaned glycerol drum led to a violent explosion. Formation and detonation of glyceryl nitrate may have added to the oxidation energy release. 

A slurry is being filtered at a net rate of 10,000 gal/day by a plate and frame filter with 15 frames, with an active filtering area of 1.5 ft2 per frame, fed by a positive displacement pump. The pressure drop varies from 2 psi at start-up to 25 psi after 10 min, at which time it is shut down for cleanup. It takes 10 min to disassemble, clean out, and reassemble the filter. Your boss decides that it would be more economical to replace this filter with a rotary drum filter using the same filter medium. The rotary filter operates at a vacuum of 200 mmHg with 30% of its surface submerged and rotates at a rate of 5 min/rev. If the drum length is equal to its diameter, how big should it be ... 

The contaminated toluene is fed from a storage tank into the Pod. The heavy liquid out (contaminated water) is sent to waste treatment and the light liquid out (clean toluene) is collected in a 55-gal drum. 

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