Cigar smokers

Figure 7. Plasma THC-CRC in four healthy volunteers who began smoking a cigarette impregnated with 5 mg THC at zero time. Subjects 1 and 2 were cigarette smokers subject 3, a cigar smoker and subject 4, a pipe smoker. The level detected in a post marten specimen from a car driver was 350 pg/L.

Sigmund Freud (1856-= 1939). The father of psychoanalysis, Freud was an early enthusiast for cocaine as well as an addicted cigar smoker (twenty a day). He later repudiated cocaine, but continued smoking for most of his life and died of a tobacco-related oral cancer. 

The risk of smokers developing cancer of the mouth, throat and oesophagus is 5-10 times greater than that of nonsmokers. It is as great for pipe and cigar smokers as it is for cigarette smokers. Cancer of the pancreas, kidney and urinary tract is also commoner in smokers. 

Pipe and cigar smokers run little or no excess risk of CHD provided they are not heavy smokers and do not inhale. Heavy cigarette smokers who change over to pipe or cigar smoking often continue to inhale and thereby fail to reduce their risk. 

The use of other tobacco products is not risk free. Pipe and cigar smokers also have higher death rates than nonsmokers. The differences arc not as large as the comparisons we cited for cigarette smokers, however, because pipe and cigar smokers tend to consume less tobacco (World Health Organization, 1999). Users of snuft and other kinds of smokeless tobacco are more likely to get oral cancer and types of noncancer-ous oral disease than are nonusers and nonsmokers. 

Pipe and/or cigar smokers only Light cigarette smoker 1.7... 

Pyridines and pyrazines, such as 2-ethylpyridine, 2,3,5-trimethyl pyridine, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl pyridine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, are the most prominent classes of odorous compounds identified as being responsible for the odour of a cigar smoker s breath. They may be generated during cigar pyrrolysis by cleavage of nicotine or by Maillard reaction. 

Bazemore R., Harrison C., Greenberg M. Identification of components responsible forthe odor of cigar smoker s breath. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54 497-501 (2006). 

A cigar smoker blows a smoke ring that falls with a noticeable velocity. If the ring is considered to be a sphere O.OS m [5 cm] in diameter, what is its cloud settling velocity Assume that the smoke gas is air at room temperature and the smoke particle concentration is 30 g/m. If the smoke particles are 0.4 pm in diameter and of standard density, what is the value of G ANSWER 0.17 m/s [17 cm/s], 25,000. 

Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) mixture of smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar and smoke exhaled by the smoker (also secondhand smoke or passive smoking). 

Nonvolatile Nitrosamines In Tobacco Smoke. Although there are more than 10 million exsmokers in the U.S.A., 53 million adults continue to smoke cigarettes and an additional 10 million still smoke cigars or pipes (39). The cigarette smokers are exposed to about 10 ng of volatile nitrosamines, 20-40 ng of NDELA and, most importantly, to 1-10 pg of tobacco specific N-nitros-amines with each cigarette smoked (Table IV). Similar quantities of the TSNA are found in sidestream smoke. The quantities of TSNA in the smoke are dependent on nitrate, nitrite, tobacco alkaloids and on NNN, NNK and NAT in the tobacco itself (31)>... 

Eastern Europe, 30% in Western Europe and Brazil, 19% in USA, Canada and Mexico and 14% in India. Female smokers are lesser (25% in Eastern and Western Europe, 20% in Brazil, 17% in USA) or much lesser (10% in Russia, China and India 2.5% in Mexico), with the exception of France, Germany and Argentina (35%). Eleven to fifteen cigarettes per capita are smoked every day on the average. Alternatives to cigarettes (cigars, electronic devices, beedis, pipes and vaporizers) are appreciated by small fractions of population. 

In 1999, 44% of male students and 37% of female students reported using some form of tobacco (cigarettes, cigars, or smokeless tobacco) in the past month. Thirty-five percent of high-school students were current smokers, including 39% of white students, 33% of Hispanic students, and 20% of African American students. The 2000 rate of high school use of bidis was 5% and 5.8% for kreteks. 

Smoke of cigars and pipes is alkaline (pH 8.5) and nicotine is relatively un-ionised and Upid-soluble so that it is readily absorbed in the mouth. Cigar and pipe smokers thus obtain rucotine without inhaling (they also have a lower death rate from lung cancer which is caused by non-nicotine constituents). 

Substances carcinogenic to animals (polycyclic hydrocarbons and nicotine-derived N-nitrosamines) have been identified in tobacco smoke condensates from cigarettes, cigars and pipes. Polycyclic hydrocarbons are responsible for the hepatic enzyme induction that occurs in smokers. 

Cigar and pipe smokers also have higher death rates than nonsmokers. 

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