Cholesterol lowering stands

Nguyen, T. T. (1999). The cholesterol-lowering action of plant stand esters. J. Nutr. 129(12) 2109-2112. 

Plant sterols such as sitosterol and camposterol, as by-products from vegetable oils at prices of about 15 kg-1, are also important starting materials for the production of steroid hormones. A new application is the cholesterol lowering property of these sterols esterified with fatty acids (with a production of about 10000 t a 1). They can be found in the margarine Becel pro-active of Unilever. A Finnish equivalent is Benecol, which contains stands such as sitostanol and campostanol, sterols having the 5,6-double bound hydrogenated, also esterified with fatty adds [33]. 

Thompson, G.R. and Grundy, S.M., History and development of plant sterol and stand esters for cholesterol-lowering purposes. Am. J. Cardiol.. 96 (Suppl. 1), 3S-9S, 2005. 

For food applications, stands are synthetically derived from plant sterols. Although the naturally occurring amounts of phytosterols in 30 g of com oil are sufficient to inhibit cholesterol absorption, """ it is not clear whether natural intakes of phytosterols significantly lower plasma LDL-C concentrations. The relatively greater intake of phytosterols by vegetarians may contribute to the lower LDL-C levels commonly observed in this population. It would, however, be nearly impossible for most individuals to obtain more than 1 g of phytosterols from food without iugesting large quantities of food. Com oil is a rich source of phytosterols, yet one would have to consume about 100 g (900 kcal) of com oil per day in order to obtain 1 g/d of phytosterols. 

That s why it is absolutely essential that men and women with diabetes learn and practice their ABCs. A stands for hemoglobin AlC, typically stated simply as AlC. This is a measurement of average glucose, blood sugar, levels over a two- to three-month period. Have that test done at least twice a year you ll want the results to be less than 7 percent. B represents blood pressure. We ll discuss that in detail in this chapter your target should be less than 130/80 mm Hg, the definition of hypertension for diabetic individuals, as compared with 140/80 for people without the disease. Of course, the lower the better. And C stands for cholesterol, especially the bad LDL cholesterol. Yours should be less than 100 mg/dl—as low as possible. You ll want to pay particular attention to chapter 11. 

Wilson, T.A., DeSimone, A.P., Romano, C.A. and Nicolosi, R.J. (2000) Corn fiber oil lowers plasma cholesterol levels and increases cholesterol excretion greater than corn oil and similar to diets containing soy sterols and soy stands in hamsters. J. Nutr. Biochem., 11, 443 149. 

Vuorio, AF, Gylling, H, Turtola, H, Kontula, K, Ketonen, P and Miettinen, TA (2000) Stand ester margarine alone and with simvastatin lowers serum cholesterol in families with familial hypercholesterolemia caused by the FH-North Karelia mutation. Arterioscler. 

Figure 3.36 Stand esters and their part in the lowering of cholesterol levels.

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