Chlorobenzene: Benzene, chloro

L-Arginine hydrochloride L-Arginine, monohydrochloride (9) (1119-34-2) Chlorobenzene Benzene, chloro- (8,9) (108-90-7)... 

There is a long history of the preparation of explosive solids or oils from interaction of diazonium salts with solutions of various sulfides and related derivatives. Such products have arisen from benzene- and toluene-diazonium salts with hydrogen, ammonium, or sodium sulfides [1,5] 2- or 3-chlorobenzene-, 4-chloro-2-methylbenzene-, 2- or 4-nitrobenzene- or 1- or 2-naphthalene-diazonium solutions with hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrogen sulfide or sodium mono-, di- or poly-sulfides [l]-[4,7], 4-Bromobenzenediazonium solutions gave with hydrogen sulfide at -5°C a product which exploded under water at 0°C [2], and every addition of a drop of 3-chlorobenzenediazonium solution to sodium disulfide solution... 

Benzene azimide. See 1 H-Benzotriazole Benzenecarbaldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzenecarbinol. See Benzyl alcohol Benzene carbonal Benzene carboxaldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzenecarboxylic acid. See Benzoic acid Benzene chloride. See Chlorobenzene Benzene, chloromethyl-. See Monochlorotoluene Benzene, (chloromethyl)-. See Benzyl chloride Benzene, 1-chloro-4 (trifluoromethyO. See p-Chlorobenzotrifluoride... 

A mixture of 2-chloro-A-(2-hydroxyl-l-methyl-2-phenylethyl)benzamide (44) (9.5g, 24.9 mmol) and P2O5 in o-chlorobenzene (1,50 mL) was refluxed overnight. Upon completion, the reaction was cooled to room temperature and then chilled to 0 °C. To the crude reaction mixture, 300 mL of water was cautiously added. The resulting dark solution was washed with toluene (2 x 50 mL). The aqueous layer was cooled to 0 °C and 50% NaOH added to final pH of 11. The resulting mixture was extracted with toluene (4 x 50 mL). The toluene fractions were combined, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was crystallized from benzene to afford l-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-methylisoquinoline (45) as a white solid (6.68g, 80%). M.P. = 107-108 °C H NMR (CDCI3) S 8.45 (s, IH), 8.11 (d, IH), 7.85 (dt, IH), 7.41-7.68 (bm, 6H), 2.51 (s, 3H). 

Stock and Baker2 5 9 measured the relative rates of chlorination of a number of halogenated aromatics in acetic acid containing 20.8 M H20 and 1.2 M HC1 at 25 °C and the values of the second-order rate coefficients (103Ar2) are as follows p-xylene (11,450), benzene (4.98), fluorobenzene (3.68), chlorobenzene (0.489), bromobenzene (0.362), 2-chlorotoluene (3.43), 3-chlorotoluene (191), 4-chloro-toluene (2.47), 4-fluorotoluene (9.70), 4-bromotoluene (2.47). Increasing the concentration of the aromatic, however, caused, in some cases, a decrease in the rate coefficients thus an increase in the concentration of chlorobenzene from 0.1 M to 0.2 M caused a 20 % decrease in rate coefficient, whereas with 4-chloro-and 4-bromo-toluene, no such change was observed. 

Sulphated zirconia catalysts can be acidic or superacidic depending on the method of treatment. A variety of acid-catalysed reactions, referred to earlier in this section, can be carried out with sulphated zirconia. Yadav and Nair (1999) have given a state-of-the art review on this subject. Examples of benzylation of benzene with benzyl chloride / benzyl alcohol, alkylation of o-xylene with. styrene, alkylation of diphenyl oxide with 1-dodecene, isomerization of epoxides to aldehydes, acylation of benzene / chlorobenzene with p-chloro benzoylchloride, etc. are covered in the review. 

Mono- chloro- benzene Ethylene Dlchlorlde (9 1) Petrol ether Ethyl acetate (9 1) Mono- chloro- benzene Ethylene Dlchlorlde (9 1) Carbon tetra- chloride Mono-chlorobenzene Ethylene Dlchlorlde 19 1) Petrol ether Ethyl- acetate (9 1) Mono- chloro- benzene Ethylene Dlchlorlde (9 1) Petrol ether Ethyl acetate (9 1) Mono-chlorobenzene Ethylene dlchlorlde < 1) Carbon tetra- chloride Mono- chloro- benzene Ethylene dlchlorlde (9 1) Carbon tetra- chloride... 

The products of the electrochemical perfluorination of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds are the corresponding perfluorinated cyclic and heterocyclic alkanes.28 and also per-fluorinated derivatives of the heteroaromatic compounds. Perfluorocyclohexane is the principal product from the electrochemical fluorination of benzene and fluorobenzene. Chloro derivatives of perfluorocyclohexane are produced from chlorobenzenes. Anisoles give fully saturated per-fluoro ethers, together with cleavage products. Extensive cleavage is observed in the fluorination of benzenethiols. Chloropyridines, fluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride or nitrogen trifluoride are characteristic byproducts from the above scries of reactions. 

Trinitro-5 -chlorobenzene, yel crysts(from benz), mp 168° can be prepd by treating 2,6 -dinitro-4-chloro-1-benzene diazonium nitrate with Cu sulfate and Na nitrite in w. Its expl props were not detd... 

The role of molecular dimensions is well demonstrated by complex formation with halogen-ated benzenes. 1 1 complexes may be prepared from chloro-, bromo-, and iodobenzenes but from chlorobenzene only witto-CD, from bromobenzene witb- andp-CDs, and from iodobenzene with P- andy-CDs. 

Table 9.7 contains recent data on the nitration of polychlorobenzenes in sulphuric acid. The data continue the development seen with the dichlorobenzenes. The introduction of more substituents into these deactivated systems has a smaller effect than predicted. Whereas the p-position in chlorobenzene is four times less reactive than a position in benzene, the remaining position in pentachlorobenzene is about four times more reactive than a position in 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. The chloro substituent thus activates nitration, a circumstance recalling the fact that o-chloronitrobenzene is more reactive than nitrobenzene.426 As can be seen from table 9.7, the additivity principle does not work very well with these compounds, underestimating the rate of reaction of pentachlorobenzene by a factor of nearly 250, though the failure is not so marked in the other cases, especially viewed in the circumstance of the wide range of reactivities covered. 

We have now carried out crossover experiments in which the reaction of trimethyl phosphite with a mixture of differently substituted chloro- and bromoace-tophenones (e.g. C,H,.C0CH2C1 and p-MeC,H.C0CH2Br) affords a mixture ofproducts whose composition shows that halogen exchange has occurred. In other words,the ratio of Perkow to Arbuzov products is that which would be expected if C-H,-COCH2Br and p-MeCgH COCH l were also present in thereaction mixture 5 mol% in benzene, 8 mol% in chlorobenzene, 23 mol% in acetonitrile). ... 

Another synthesis of aryl-substituted methylidynetricobalt nonacar-bonyls was developed by Dolby and Robinson (15) who found that chloro-methylidynetricobalt nonacarbonyl alkylate s aromatic compounds in a Friedel-Crafts-type reaction. High product yields were obtained when equimolar amounts of ClCCo3(CO)9 and aluminum chloride and an excess of the arene were stirred at 60°-70°C for 2 hours. When the arene was a solid, the reaction was carried out in dichloromethanc solution. Both ortho and para substitution was encountered, the size of the substituent (s) already present on the benzene ring appearing to determine the position of substitution (Table IV). Noteworthy is that milder temperature conditions affected the position of substitution thus, reaction of chlorobenzene with chloromethylidynetricobalt nonacarbonyl in dichloromethane at 42° gave... 

Other impurities which may be present in chlorodinitrobenzene are chloro-nitrobenezenes, as products of an incomplete nitration, m- dinitrobenzene formed from benzene present in the chlorobenzene Mid chloropicrin. 

Vinylchlorosilanes undergo Friedel-Crafts alkylation with aromatic compounds in the presence of Lewis acids to give 2-(chlorosilyl)ethylarenes [Eq. (17)].lb 32,33 The reactivity of vinylchlorosilanes for the alkylation of aromatic compounds is slightly lower than that of allylchlorosilanes.lb 3,32 The reactivity of vinylsilanes for alkylation depends on the substituents on the silicon of the vinylsilane. The reactivity of vinylchlorosilanes decreases in the following order dichloro(methyl)vinyl-silane > trichlorovinylsilane > chloro(dimethyl)vinylsilane. The alkylation of mono-substituted benzenes such as toluene, chlorobenzene, and biphenyl with di-chloro(methyl)vinylsilane (lc) at 75-80 °C for 2h affords alkylated products in 50-63% yields.32... 

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