Threshold Limit Values chlorine

The threshold limit value—time integrated average, TLV—TWA, of chlorine dioxide is 0.1 ppm, and the threshold limit value—short-term exposure limit, STEL, is 0.3 ppm or 0.9 mg /m of air concentration (87,88). Chlorine dioxide is a severe respiratory and eye irritant. Symptoms of exposure by inhalation include eye and throat irritation, headache, nausea, nasal discharge, coughing, wheezing, bronchitis, and delayed onset of pulmonary edema. Delayed deaths occurred in animals after exposure to 150—200 ppm for less than one hour. Rats repeatedly exposed to 10 ppm died after 10 to 13 days of exposure. Exposure of a worker to 19 ppm for an unspecified time was fatal. The ingested systemic effects of low concentration chlorine dioxide solutions are similar to that of chlorite. 

AH volatile organic solvents are toxic to some degree. Excessive vapor inhalation of the volatile chloriaated solveats, and the central nervous system depression that results, is the greatest hazard for iadustrial use of these solvents. Proper protective equipment and operating procedures permit safe use of solvents such as methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene ia both cold and hot metal-cleaning operations. The toxicity of a solvent cannot be predicted from its chlorine content or chemical stmcture. For example, 1,1,1-trichloroethane is one of the least toxic metal-cleaning solvents and has a recommended threshold limit value (TLV) of 350 ppm. However, the 1,1,2-trichloroethane isomer is one of the more toxic chloriaated hydrocarboas, with a TLV of only 10 ppm. 

The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit value-time-weighted average (TLV-TWA) for chlorinated diphenyl oxide is 0.5mg/mh... 

The 2003 ACGIH ceiling-threshold limit value (C-TLV) for chlorine trifluoride is... 

Chlorine, in Documentation of Threshold Limit Values, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1987, pp. 117.1-117.3. 

Are employees aware of the hazards involved with the various chemicals they may be exposed to in their work environment, such as ammonia, chlorine, epoxies, caustics, etc. Are you familiar with the Threshold Limit Values or Permissible Exposure Limits of airborne contaminants and physical agents used in your workplace ... 

ACGIH recommends a Threshold Limit Value-Time-Weighted Average (TLV-TWA) of 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m ) for chlorine. The TLV-TWA is the time-weighted average concentration for a normal 8-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek, to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse effect [3]. 

Do not use highly toxic chemicals. For example, carbon tetrachloride must not be employed in any cleaning operation. The health hazards associated with the use of any solvent must be considered in its selection. The time-weighted average threshold limit value (TLV) must not be exceeded for a specific solvent some chlorinated solvents are suspected of being carcinogenic. Breathing of solvent fumes and liquid contact with the skin should be avoided. Material Safety Data Sheets for solvents should be obtained from the solvent manufacturer in accordance with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1200(g). [9]... 

Heating Solvents, Chlorinated solvents can, upon heating, break down into dangerous compounds. A commonly used solvent, trichloroethylene, decomposes at temperatures not far above the boiling point of water. Ventilation must be adequate to prevent breathing excessive amounts of the solvent vapors or their decomposition products. Air respirators must be used in situations where the concentration of solvent vapors or any other foreign material in the atmosphere exceeds their threshold limit value (TLV). 

Phosgene is manufactured from a reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine gas in the presence of activated charcoal. Phosgene is used in the manufacture of isocyanates, polycarbonates, pesticides, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Manufacture of phosgene in the United States is almost entirely captive in that more than 99% is used in the manufacture of other chemicals within a plant boundary (US EPA, 2003). The odor threshold is between 0.5 and 1.5 ppm (NIOSH, 1976) unfortunately, the odor threshold is inadequate to protect against toxic inhalant exposure because damage to the deep respiratory tract can take place at lower concentrations (Sidell et al., 1997). Phosgene has an odor safety classification rating of "E," which indicates that fewer than 10% of attentive persons can detect the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) (Amoore and Hautala, 1983). 

Threshold limit values (TLV) (safety) The maximum amount of a chemical that a worker can be exposed to continuously or as a time-weighted average (TWA), as defined by the OSHA. Examples Trichloroethylene - 270mg/m Arsine - 0.05 mg/m Chlorine - 1 mg/m. ... 

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