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Chlorinated solvents manufacture

HSIA communicates with the European Chlorinated Solvent Association (ECSA) and the Japan Association for Hygiene of Chlorinated Solvents (JAHCS). The European Chlorinated Solvent Association was formed over 25 years ago by the leading chlorinated solvent manufacturers in Europe. Like HSIA, the goals of ECSA and JAHCS are to support... [Pg.2963]

Uses. 3-Pentenenitrile, 3PN, is used entirely by the manufacturers to make adiponitrile. i7j -2-Pentenenitrile, 2PN, can be cycli2ed catalyticaHy at high temperature to produce pyndine, a solvent and agncultural chemical intermediate. 2PN is also chlorinated to manufacture pentachloropyndine, an intermediate in the insecticide Dursban produced by Dow. Addition of ammonia to 2PN foUowed by reduction leads to 1,3-pentadiamine (Dytek ep), which is used as a curing agent for epoxy coatings and as a chain modifier in polyurethanes. [Pg.226]

Dichlorine monoxide is an intermediate in the manufacture of calcium hypochlorite. It has been used in sterilization for space appHcations (70) (see Sterilization techniques). Its use in the preparation of chlorinated solvents (71) and chloroisocyanurates has been described. Chlorine monoxide has been shown to be effective in bleaching of pulp (qv) and textiles (72—74). [Pg.466]

Trichloroethane and other chlorinated solvents are used for vapor degreasing (84—90). Other uses include cold metal cleaning, printed ckcuit board cleaning, and as a solvent for inks, coatings, adhesives, and aerosols. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is an excellent solvent for development of photoresist polymers used in printed ckcuit board manufacture (see Integrated circuits Photoconductivepolymers). [Pg.11]

Much of the CI2O manufactured industrially is used to make hypochlorites, particularly Ca(OCl)2, and it is an effective bleach for wood-pulp and textiles. CI2O is also used to prepare chloroisocyanurates (p. 324) and chlorinated solvents (via mixed chain reactions in which Cl and OCl are the chain-propagating species).Its reactions with inorganic reagents are summarized in the scheme opposite. [Pg.846]

Australia has a population of only 18 million people, spread geographically over an area similar to that of the mainland USA. The chlor-alkali industry in Australia is small by world standards and has a product mix unique in being aligned neither with chlorinated solvents nor the vinyl chain. The chlorine/caustic soda balance is heavily skewed towards caustic use in the alumina industry however, none of the locally produced caustic soda reaches this market. This has resulted in an industry limited by outlets for the chlorine half of the ECU and based on a relatively large number of small plants scattered across the country to serve localised chlorine market needs. Australia remains a large importer of caustic soda to fill the gap between local manufacture and demand, primarily for the alumina industry. [Pg.142]

In contrast to many other countries, chlorinated solvents and the vinyl chain are of minor importance. Carbon tetrachloride (CTC), perchloroethylene (PCE), vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and ethylene dichloride (EDC) were manufactured for over 40 years by ICI Australia in Sydney, but the facilities were small by world standards and were progressively closed (CTC/PCE in 1991, VCM in 1996 and EDC in 1998) as they were no longer able to compete against imports from world-scale plants overseas. [Pg.143]

Chlorinated solvents are now imported and PVC is now manufactured by Australian Vinyls Corporation in Melbourne based on imported VCM (up to 230 000 tonnes per annum of VCM or approximately 130 000 tonnes per annum of equivalent chlorine). [Pg.143]

The Sydney plant is a combination of older mercury cell technology (updated ICI Mark 1 cells) and modern derivative plants (hydrochloric acid, sodium hypochlorite and ferric chloride) combined with liquid chlorine packing. The mercury cells had originally been in excess of 80 000 tonnes per annum capacity and cells had been progressively taken off-line following closure of chlorinated solvents (CTC/PCE) and EDC/VCM manufacture over a period of 10 years. This had left an asset significantly oversized compared with the present market demands. [Pg.147]

A new COjSurfactant system discovered by a Professor DeSimone at the University of North Carolina is likely to expand the use of CO as an alternative to chlorinated solvents currently used in manufacturing and garment care industries. [Pg.24]

In addition to test kits used in EPA-approved screening methods, a variety of other test kits are available from several manufacturers, for example, immunoassay test kits for BTEX in soil and water and for chlorinated solvents in water colorimetric kits for the detection of lead kits for a wide range of water quality parameter manufactured by Hach Company. [Pg.175]

If chlorinated solvents are used with titanium surfaces, they must be completely removed prior to bonding. Chlorinated solvents give rise to stress corrosion cracking in the vicinity of welds. Welding of titanium often occurs in the same plant as adhesive bonding, and it is sometimes done on the same parts. So the best practice is to avoid the use of chlorinated solvents completely. Several airframe manufacturers that fabricate titanium alloys no longer permit the use of chlorinated solvents. [Pg.358]

Perfluoroelastomers, such as Kalrez, are particularly suited for extreme service conditions. They are resistant to more than 1500 chemical substances, including ethers, ketones, esters, aromatic and chlorinated solvents, oxidizers, oils, fuels, acids, and alkali, and are capable of service at temperatures up to 316°C (600°F) [76]. Because of the retention of resilience, low compression set, and good creep resistance, they perform extremely well as static or dynamic seals under conditions where other materials such as metals, FKM, PTFE, and other elastomers fail. Parts from FFKM have very low outgassing characteristics and can be made from formulations that comply with FDA regulations [77]. Primary areas of application of perfluoroelastomers are paint and coating operations, oil and gas recovery, semiconductor manufacture, phar-... [Pg.120]

Vinyl chloride is produced in the following industrial reactions (1) the thermal cracking of 1,2-dichlor-oethane, which is produced by the chlorination and/ or oxychlorination of ethylene and (2) the hydrochlorination of acetylene. The vast majority of vinyl chloride is used for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the manufacture of copolymers with monomers such as vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride. A much smaller proportion of vinyl chloride is used in the production of chlorinated solvents - primarily trichloroethanes. [Pg.2829]


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