Chlorinated isocyanurics

Sodium bypochlorite, calcium bypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanurates. 

The use of chlorinated trisodium phosphate is declining. It has been largely replaced by chlorinated isocyanurates in powdered abrasive cleansers and automatic dishwash detergents to reduce cost, improve performance, or comply with restrictions on the use of phosphates. Some chlorinated trisodium phosphate is stiU used in commercial laundries and in disinfectant cleaners. 

A study of the North American bleaching agent market was completed in June 1988 and includes consumption quantities for the year 1986 (156). Chlorine consumption for 1986 was 1.86 x 10 t. The North American consumption volume of other chlorine-containing bleaching compounds including sodium and calcium hypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanurates, and hydantoins was 286,000 t. The 1986 North American consumption of sodium chlorate was estimated at 5.5 x 10 t. 

Appllca.tlons. The principal uses are in scouring cleansers and acid metal cleaners for dairy equipment. Use in dishwasher detergents has been supplanted by chlorinated isocyanurates, which are more cost-effective, more stable in hot water, and possess water softening properties. 

Inorganic Chemical Manufacture Anliydrous aluminum clUoride Antimony pentaeldoride Antimony trichloride Arsenic cliloride Bismutli trichloride Chlorinated isocyanurates Clilorine tri fluoride Ferric chloride Hydrochloric acid... 

A similar survey was conducted in 1989, and results (Table 3) indicate a shift towards both calcium hypochlorite and ozonation. In almost all cases other than chlorinated isocyanurates, where a... 

Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs), 21 591 Chlorinated glycolurils, 73 109-110 Chlorinated hydantoins, 13 110 Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC) contamination by, 23 111—112 for PVC polymers, 25 674 Chlorinated isocyanurates end use of chlorine, 6 135t as pool sanitizers, 26 175-176 Chlorinated methanes... 

The preferred method for analyzing chlorinated isocyanuric acids and their salts is the iodometric titration (J) The main limitation of the iodometric titration method is sample size generally one would need a minimum of 100 milligrams for titrating either compound. For industrial hygiene samples, this is a problem because sample weights are usually smaller by a factor of 20,... 

The solution to the problem was discovered when a titrated sample (clear solution) was left on the bench and, after a period, it started changing back to a faint yellow color. We hypothesized that air oxidation may have caused that effect and, consequently, air may have interfered with analysis. Standard samples prepared and purposely delayed during the analysis showed that end-point volumes were larger, indicating that some of the iodide ions turned into free-iodine by air oxidation which, in turn, required more thiosulfate for titration and, therefore, larger end-point volume. The following chemical equations obtained from the literature 8) show what happens before, during, and after titration. The reaction of a chlorinated isocyanuric acid compound with potassium iodide in acidic pH is ... 

Conclusions. A sampling and analytical method for two chlorinated isocyanuric acids, NaDCC and TCCA, in air has been described. Briefly, these acids can be collected from air with DM-5000 (PVC copolymer) filters. The filter samples are extracted with water and titrated against sodium thiosulfate using constant-current potentiometry. The titration method will neither separate or distinguish NaDCC in the presence of TCCA or the reverse. The identity of either compound must be known in the workplace environment along with the identities of any other interfering... 

Compounds %. by Wei ght BASF Surfactant 3 Sodium tripolyphosphate 34 Britesil H24 hydrous sodium silicate 17 Sodium sulfate 15 Sodium carbonate 19 Chlorinated isocyanurate 2 Water 10... 

Chlorinated hocyanurates. The principal solid chlorine bleaching agents are the chlorinated isocyanurates. The one used most often for bleaching applications is sodium dichloro-isocyanurate dihydrate, with 56% available chlorine. 

Chlorinated isocyanurates are also available in tablet (puck) form, either as fast or slow chlorine release. Powdered oxidizers are usually restricted to calcium or lithium hypochlorite, some isocyanurates, and also some hydantoin (BCDMH, etc.) products. 

Canelli E. Chemical, bacteriological and toxicological properties of cyanuric acid and chlorinated isocyanurates as applied to swimming pool disinfection. Am J Public Health 1974 62 155-162. 

Note Miscellaneous uses include cyanuric acid for chlorinated isocyanurates, crystalline adducts, deicing agents, pharmaceutical intermediates and sulfamic acid and its ammonium salt. 

Chlorinated isocyanurate compound in ethyl acetate solvent (for rubbers, especially thermoplastic styrene-butadiene-styrene rubbers)... 

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