Chloride powders

Place 1 0 g. of the monobasic acid and 2 g. of aniline or p-toluidine in a dry test-tube, attach a short air condenser and heat the mixture in an oil bath at 140-160° for 2 hours do not reflux too vigorously an acid that boils below this temperature range and only allow steam to escape from the top of the condenser. For a sodium salt, use the proportions of 1 g. of salt to 1 5 g. of the base. If the acid is dibasic, employ double the quantity of amine and a reaction temperature of 180-200° incidentally, the procedure is recommended for dibasic acids since the latter frequently give anhydrides with thionyl chloride. Powder the cold reaction mixture, triturate it with 20-30 ml. of 10 per cent, hydrochloric acid, and recrystallise from dilute alcohol. 

The process can also be carried out without solvent )methylene chloride by adding a slight excess of aluminum chloride powder to a solution of one mol of dichloroanisole and one mol of acid chloride. 

Two-piece food cans may be made by a draw-redraw process, in which lacquer is first applied to and cured on sheet. Blanks are then cut from the sheet and the can is drawn from the blank in two or three stages. The lacquer deforms with the drawing process and lubricates the draw. It then becomes the interior protective coating. Although epoxy-phenolic solvent-borne lacquers are used, even better drawing properties are obtained from organosols. These are dispersions of colloidal polyvinyl chloride powder in solutions of other mixed resins in solvent, e.g. chosen from epoxy, polyester, vinyl and phenolic. 

B. 2-Cyclohexyloxyethanol. A well-dried, 3-1. three-necked, round-bottomed flask is equipped with a stirrer, a pressureequalizing dropping funnel, and a condenser to whose top is attached a calcium chloride drying tube. The flask is charged with 242 g. (1.81 moles) of anhydrous aluminum chloride powder and is immersed in an ice-salt bath. Anhydrous ether (25-50... 

In presence of catalytic amounts of aluminium chloride, powdered aluminium and chloromethane interact to form pyrophoric trimethylaluminium. Chloromethane may react explosively with magnesium, or potassium, sodium or their alloys. Zinc probably reacts similarly to magnesium. 

The thermal decomposition of nickel ammonium chloride powder, [Ni(NH3)4]Cl2 = [Ni(NH3)2]Cl2 + 2NH3... 

Polymerized vinyl chloride as a homopolymer is hard and brittle, making it difficult to work and impractical as a commercial material. In 1926, Waldo Lonsbury Semon (1898—1999) was working for B. F. Goodrich searching for a synthetic rubber that could adhere to metal objects. Semon examined vinyl chloride and found that when polyvinyl chloride powder was mixed in certain solvents, he obtained a stiff gel that could be molded into a plastic material. The material s hardness and pliability depended on the mix of solvent and polyvinyl chloride. Semon... 

Pobedit P-8 is an ammonium nitrate sheathed explosive with 7% nitroglycerine. The sheath is composed of potassium chloride powder. 

The thermal decomposition of nickel ammonium chloride powder,... 

The kinetics of dehydrochlonination of poly(vinyl chloride) powder have been studied.16... 

Silicon and univalent copper chloride powders are mixed and pelleted. The pellets are dried and treated with hydrogen at 300 °C. Copper chloride is reduced, and silicon particles are covered with free copper ... 

The mother liquor leaving the hydraulie filters, containing up to 100 g of active chlorine and 260 g of chloride ion per litre, is converted into a monohydrate Ca Cl2. HoO. After nickel salt, acting as catalyst, has been added, the present hypochlorite is decomposed at an elevated temperature. Then chlorate will be reduced by sulphur dioxide. The solution obtained is filtered and sprayed by atomizers into a spray dryer where it is dried by hot air and converted into dry calcium chloride powder (CaCl2. HzO). 

Diphenyl-l, 2-oxatelluroliuin Fluoride1 0.252 g (1.3 mmol) of sil ver tctrafhioroborate is dissolved in 20 ml of dry acetonitrile, 0.50 g (1.3 mmol) of 3,5-diphenyl-l,2-oxatellurolium chloride powder is added, and the resultant mixture is stirred at 20° under nitrogen for 3 h. The mixture is then filtered through a pad of Celite, the filtrate is concentrated, and the residue is dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane. This solution is washed with brine, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to cause the product to crystallize yield 0.16 g (33%) m.p. 88-90°. 

Methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-l,2-oxatelluroHum Trifluoroacetate1 0.20 g (1 mmol) of silver trifluoracetate is dissolved in 20 ml of dry benzene, 0.40 g (1 mmol) of 5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-l, 2-oxatellurolium chloride powder is gradually added over 3 min, and the mixture is stirred at 20° for 1 h. The resultant mixture is filtered through a pad of Celite, and the filtrate is washed with brine, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and evaporated. The residue is recrystallized from absolute ethanol yield 0.20 g (50%) m.p. 125-127°. 

To purify the tungsten(V) chloride, the tube is placed part way in a tube furnace such that a 180°/room-temperature gradient is maintained. The volatile tungsten(V) chloride will then sublime to chamber E leaving behind a small amount of nonvolatile, black tungsten(IV) chloride powder. The tube can then be broken at F within a dry-box and the product placed in an airtight container for storage. 

The inorganic products of the ozonolysis reactions were determined for three different organomercurials. Ozonolysis of two dialykylmer-curials produced a mixture of mercuric chloride, mercurous chloride, and mercuric oxide (Reactions 3 and 14, Table I) while one alkylmercuric halide gave only mercuric and mercurous chlorides (Reaction 13, Table I). A known mixture of the three salts was tested for its stability to the reaction conditions. The salts were ozonized as a solution/mixture with methylene chloride. Powder x-ray diffraction showed no difference in the mercury salt mixture after a 2-hour ozonation at 10°C. 

The position of the carousel is controlled automatically and only three positions are actively used. In the first position the eluent is deposited on the potassium chloride, in the second position a stream of air is drawn through the potassium chloride to remove the solvent and in the third position the spectrum is taken. The use of the carousel containing potassium chloride powder certainly increased the sensitivity of the LC/IR combination, but the finite intervals of sample collection made the system unsuitable for modern high efficiency columns. Jino and Fujimoto [30,31] employed a potassium bromide plate as a transport system. The eluent from a small bore column (flow rate 5 pi/ min)... 

Conroy and Griffiths [34] developed a solvent extraction device that could be employed with a LC/FTIR combination. The device involved an extraction procedure that took the column eluent and continuously extracted the dissolved solute into dichloromethane. The dichloromethane was then concentrated and finally dispersed onto a plug of potassium chloride powder. This device appears a little clumsy and, fact, is really and offfline fraction collecting procedure. 

Figure 9.13 Infrared spectra of plasma-treated sodium chloride powder under various wattages at a fixed flow rate (F=0.155cm /min).

Sund et al. 101) and also Wallace et al. 20) reported retention characteristics of poly(vinyl chloride) powders of differing specific surface areas. It was shown that, once a calibration curve was established, gas chromatography could provide a rapid determination of surface areas of poly(vinyl chloride) powders. At temperatures below Tg the measured retention volume should be proportional to the surface partition coefficient and to the surface area of the stationary phase as expressed in Eq. (28). From the known airface areas of several samples the partition coefficient can be obtained, in turn allowing for the determination of the surface area of any sample from the measured retention volume. A similar correlation between BET surface areas and retention volumes was reported by Salovey et al. 102) for poly(vinyl chloride) powders. 

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