Chloride emission from

Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) EPA Method 26 is the reference method used to measure hydrogen chloride emissions from stationaiy sources. The method is applicable for determining emissions of hydrogen halides (HX) such as hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen... 

Reinhardt, T., and D. E. Ward, Factors Affecting Methyl Chloride Emissions from Forest Biomass Combustion, Enriron. Sci. Techno , 29, 825-832 (1995). 

Rhew RC, Miller BR, Weiss RF (2000) Natural Methyl Bromide and Methyl Chloride Emissions from Coastal Salt Marshes. Nature 403 292... 

Moore RM, Gut A, Andreae MO (2005) A Pilot Study of Methyl Chloride Emissions from Tropical Woodrot Fungi. Chemosphere 58 221... 

Reinhardt T. E. and Ward D. E. (1996) Eactors affecting methyl chloride emissions from forest biomass combustion. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29, 825—833. 

Rhew R. C., MiUer B. R., and Weiss R. E. (2000) Natural methyl bromide and methyl chloride emissions from coastal salt marshes. Nature 403, 292—295. 

Source Characterization and Control Technology Assessment of Methylene Chloride Emissions from Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, NY... 

Determination of hydrogen chloride emissions from stationary sources... 

Formation of emissions from fluidised-bed combustion is considerably different from that associated with grate-fired systems. Flyash generation is a design parameter, and typically >90% of all soHds are removed from the system as flyash. SO2 and HCl are controlled by reactions with calcium in the bed, where the lime-stone fed to the bed first calcines to CaO and CO2, and then the lime reacts with sulfur dioxide and oxygen, or with hydrogen chloride, to form calcium sulfate and calcium chloride, respectively. SO2 and HCl capture rates of 70—90% are readily achieved with fluidi2ed beds. The limestone in the bed plus the very low combustion temperatures inhibit conversion of fuel N to NO. ... 

The pyrolysis of vinylidene chloride produced a range of chlorinated aromatic compounds including polychlorinated benzenes, styrenes, and naphthalenes (Yasahura and Morita 1988), and a series of chlorinated acids including chlorobenzoic acids has been identified in emissions from a municipal incinerator (Mowrer and Nordin 1987). 

Emissions from sinter plants are generated from raw material handling, windbox exhaust, sinter discharge (associated sinter crushers and hot screens), and from the cooler and cold screen. The primary source of particulate emissions, mainly irons oxides, magnesium oxide, sulfur oxides, carbonaceous compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and chlorides, are due to the windbox exhaust. Contaminants such as fluorides, ammonia, and arsenic may also be present. At the discharge end,... 

Emission rate enhancement, 14 852 Emissions. See also Emission Emissions. See also Fugitive emissions from the chloride process, 25 63 dioxin and furan, 13 181 effect of fuels on, 26 719-721 from ethylene oxide formation, 10 653-654... 

A new US EPA air pollution ruling will drastically restrict the flexible PU foam industry s use of the auxiliary blowing agent methylene chloride. Methylene chloride has been identified as 98% of the flexible PU foam industry s toxic emissions, and foam facilities have until 7 October 2001 to comply with the new standards. Under a rule from the OSHA, PU foam makers must reduce methylene chloride emissions in the workplace to 25ppm by 10 October 1999. 

The use of aqueous foams to control fume or vapour release from reactive chemicals is discussed. An acid-resistant foam NF2 controlled fume emission from 35% and 65% oleum, and from titanium tetrachloride, but was not effective for sulfur trioxide and chlorosulfuric acid. An alcohol-resistant foam NF1 suppressed ammonia vapour emission by 80%, and Universal fire foam reduced evaporation of ethylene oxide, vinyl chloride and methanethiol, and reduced vapour emission of 1,3-butadiene by 60%. Safety aspects of foam blanketing are discussed [1]. Equipment and application techniques are covered in some detail [2],... 

Isomerization Heater stack gas (CO, SO , NO, hydrocarbons, and particnlates), HCl (potentially in hght ends), vents and fngitive emissions (hydrocarbons) Calcium chloride sludge from neutralized HCl gas... 

Shimizu attributes much of the value of these chlorine donors in magnesium-containing compositions to the production in the flame of hydrogen chloride, which reacts with magnesium oxide to form volatile MgCl molecules. The incandescent emission from... 

Emission from Cl(32Py2) has not been detected in flow systems40 although this excited atom has recently been observed in absorption following the vacuum ultraviolet flash photolysis of a number of chlorides, including HC1.2B The over-all rate for the reaction... 

Section 7.6). The property also renders them attractive as host materials for luminescent ions, Eu emission in certain fluoride hosts being a good example. In oxide and chloride hosts, Eu gives a broad emission from states of 4/ 5d configuration, but in fluoride hosts where the bonding between Eu and the host is weak and hence provides... 

Trichloroethane may enter the atmosphere from its use in the manufacture of vinylidene chloride and its use as a solvent. It may also be discharged in wastewater associated with these uses and in leachates and volatile emissions from landfills. It has been detected at low levels in groundwater, drinking-water, wastewater, ambient water and ambient air (United States National Library of Medicine, 1997). 

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