Chicken red cells

The FPA of ethidium intercalated in the high-affinity sites of chicken red-cell chromatin was studied as a function of ethidium concentration/167/... 

Mathew, A., Grdisa, M Johnstone, R.M. (1993). Nucleosides and glutamine but not glucose are energy sources for ATP production in chicken red cells. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 71,288-295. 

Swollen fibers of chromatin from the nucleus of the chicken red blood cell. The electron micrograph is enlarged about 325,000x and negatively stained with uranyl acetate. (Micrograph courtesy of A. L. Olins and D. E. Olins.)... 

Bartlett, G.R. Borgese, T.A. (1976). Phosphate compounds in red cells of the chicken and duck embryo and hatchling. Comp. Biochem. Physiol, 55A, 207-10. 

Stock, A.D. Bunch, T.D. (1982). The evolutionary implications of chromosome banding pattern homologies in the bird order Galliformes. Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 34, 136-48. Strack, P.R., Wajnberg, E.F., Waxman, L. Fagan, J.M. (1991). Purification of the multicatalytic proteinase from the nucleus and cytoplasm of chicken red blood cells. Biomed. Biochim. Acta, 50, 4-6. 

Influenza vims strain A/HKx31 was propagated in embryonated chicken eggs. The influenza virus titer ranged from 1 x lo to 1 x lo EID50 as determined by hemagglutination assay with chicken red blood cells. Influenza... 

A fluorogenic substrate for the assay of neuraminidase, 4-methylumbelliferone A-acetylneuraminic acid ketoside, has been synthesized. A detailed examination of the Km values for this substrate of neuraminidase from Clostridium perfringens and strains of A- and B-type influenza neuraminidases from chicken red blood cell influenza virus was conducted. 

In an alkaline solution the greenish fluorescence of riboflavin in tissues is replaced by a bluish-white fluorescence characteristic of aneurin or thiamine. As a result of the application of this fact Sjdstrand was able, by his microspectrographic method, to localize vitamin Bi (aneurin or thiamine) in the myelin sheath of modulated nerves (see plate V, D). Smits and Florijn 27 found that in the red cells of chickens 70 % of the vitamin Bi pyrophosphate was concentrated in the nuclei. Since these nuclei occupied only 10 % by volume of the cell, there was thus a concentration of vitamin phosphate in the nuclei equal to twenty times that of the cytoplasm. The nuclei in this work were isolated by differential centrifugation. 

The amoeba Acanthamoeba castellani has been shown to bind to equine erythrocytes by interaction with carbohydrates on the surface of the red cells. 4-Nitrophenyl tri-A-methyltyrosinate [ I]iodide has been used to label the outer surface of mature chicken erythrocytes. Two component glycoproteins, with subunits of molecular weight 5 x 10 and 1 x 10 , were identified. Neuraminidase-treated rat and rabbit erythrocytes were shown to be rapidly sequestered by the liver. Chemical studies of glycoproteins obtained from erythrocyte membranes from a number of sources have been reported. ... 

Reproductive failure has been observed in both rats (Hall and Howell, 1969) and chickens (Savage, 1968) as a result of copper deficiency. Simpson et al, (1967) have presented evidence that suggests that reproductive failure is caused by defective formation of connective tissue and red cells. 

Labeled glycine added to isolated intact reticulocytes from duck blood is converted to labeled heme as was first shown by Shemin et al. 20). In addition, PROTO is also formed (dS) and this compound can be determined directly by colorimetric methods. In chicken eiythrocytes supplied in vitro with excess glycine (0.05 M) about two-thirds of the newly formed porphyrin is in the form of PROTO and the rest is newly formed heme (S4)-Various members of the citric acid cycle also enhance the yield indicating that they are partially permeable to the red cell membrane 35). 

Synthesis of 8-AL in the complex system of the red cell may be studied by washing away the soluble enzymes that act on S-AL. By gentle hemolysis of chicken erythrocjdies and washing, Brown (44) showed that 5-AL was formed when glycine, succinic acid, ATP, and CoA were added. In such preparations nuclei, mitochondria, and possibly other particulates remain within the red cell membrane. To increase the number of reticulocytes, and thus the activities of the enzymes Laver et al. (45) treated chickens with... 

Enzyme preparations utilizing PEG for porphyrin synthesis have been isolated from a variety of sources plant 89-92), animal 31, 76, 93-96), and bacterial 97). Bogorad and Granick 89) showed that a preparation from Chlorella formed TJRO-III (Fig. 12) from PEG, but after heating to GO , only URO-I (Fig. 12) was formed. Similar observations have been made with preparations from chicken red blood cells (94) and from a bacterium 97) R. sphercides. 

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