Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides

Chemical synthesis of oligo-Zpolysaccharides demands the use of orthogonal protecting groups capable of selective removal. Benzyl ether protecting groups have seen widespread use 

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Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides related to arabinogalactan-proteins (agps) J.F. Valdor and W.Mackie... 

The chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides is also more complicated than the synthesis of other biopolymers, because the construction of each individual oligosaccharide poses a new challenge, requiring a knowledge of methods, together with experience and experimental skill. Thus, there are no universal methods available neither for biological in vivo nor for chemical in vitro syntheses. 

Thorough, advanced treatment of the chemistry and biology of cell surface carbohydrates. Good chapters on lectins, carbohydrate recognition in cell-cell interactions, and chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. 

Despite the great deal of progress made in the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides, there is still room for innovation and improvement over existing methods. The need for rapid and efficient construction of oligosaccharides has dramatically increased owing to the recent advances in glycobiology and related research fields [21],... 

In order to try to overcome some of the problems associated with chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides containing N-acetylneuraminic acid, Sabesan and Paulson [277] have used a combination of chemical and enzymatic methods using purified sialyl-transferases in the presence of CMP-iV-acetylneuraminic acid and synthetic acceptor molecules to give sialyl derivatives of oligosaccharides which were characterised by NMR. Thus, methyl P-D-galactopyranoside, methyl P-D-lactoside and iV-acetyl-... 

We have developed an automated solid-phase approach for the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. Using an acceptor-bound solid-phase... 

Khan SH, Hindsgaul O (1994) Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. In Fukuda M, Hindsgaul O (eds) Frontiers in Molecular Biology, Molecular Glycobiology. IRL Press, Oxford, p 206... 

Chemical Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Fraser-Reid, B. Madsen, R. Campbell, A. S. Roberts, G S. Merritt, J. R. In Bioorganic Chemistry Oligosaccharides Hecht, S. M., Ed. Oxford University Press New York, 1999, pp 89-133. 

Demchenko AV. Strategic approach to the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. Lett. Org. Chem. 2005 2 580-589. 

The advancement in the techniques of the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides and peptides (including molecular engineering) elevated the neoglycoprotein preparation to the de novo synthesis level, which opened a wide range of application possibilities. 

In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. New glycosylation and protection methods resulted in new strategies and techniques for the preparation of oligosaccharides. As a result, large and complex oligosaccharides... 

Since the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides requires many synthetic steps including protection and deprotection procedures, the enz)matic approach has attracted much attention for the rapid synthesis of oligosaccharides. In addition, the perfect regio- and stereoselectivities of enzymatic methods with glycosyltransferases are quite attractive. Several trans-... 

The chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides has been a major focus since the 1980s [8] as a result of our increased understanding of the importance of these sugars in many life processes [3]. Although with low efficiency and sometimes with tremendous difficulties, almost all the sugar linkages known in nature have been synthesized. 

Two major advances used to streamline the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides are one-pot reactions (101) and polymer-supported synthesis (see Section 3.1.4) (102). 

Examples of methods cited in the present article have been chosen from a limited number of publications many more examples may be found in the post-1945 References listed in Tables III-V. Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides may often be used to give a final proof of structure as, for example, with nigerose. Prediction of structure from the known transferring properties of an enzyme should be used with caution thus, dextransucrase preparations, which normally transfer D-glucose [to form... 

Which biosynthetic steps are required for O-succinoylation of PIA is currently unresolved. Recently, the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides comprising up to 11 P-l,6-linked glucosamine residues and their respective per-A-acetylated counterparts has been accomplished [120], This might be of value in antigen preparation for specific immunochemical assays or as haptens for generation of specific antibodies. 

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