Chemical Properties of Amines

To show some physical and chemical properties of amines and amides. 

CARBON, HYDROGEN, and oxygen are the three most common elements in organic compounds. Because of the wide distribution of amines in the biological world, nitrogen is the fourth most common element in organic compounds. The most important chemical properties of amines are their basicity and their nucleophilicity. 

C. Chemical Properties of Amines in their Ground State... 

C. Chemical Properties of Amines in their Ground State Some Aspects of the Properties of Amines in their Electronically Excited States. ... 

Experiments on the separation of CO2 from CH4 by the supported liquid membranes containing aqueous amines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and ethylenediamine hydrochloride were performed, and tfie data were discussed quantitatively on the basis of facilitated transport theory. The effects of the chemical properties of amines such as the reaction rate constant and chemical equilibrium constant and also the effect of the CO2 partid pressure on the permeation rate of CO2 could be interpreted by the proposed theory. It was propos to use L as the effective diffusional path length in the calculation of the facilitation factor, where L is the membrane thickness and x is the tortuosity factor of the microporous support membrane. The permeation rates of CH4 was found to provide useful information for evaluating the solubilities of CO2 in the reactive membrane solutions. 

Polyisobutylene has the chemical properties of a saturated hydrocarbon. The unsaturated end groups undergo reactions typical of a hindered olefin and are used, particularly in the case of low mol wt materials, as a route to modification eg, the introduction of amine groups to produce dispersants for lubricating oils. The in-chain unsaturation in butyl mbber is attacked by atmospheric ozone, and unless protected can lead to cracking of strained vulcanizates. Oxidative degradation, which leads to chain cleavage, is slow, and the polymers are protected by antioxidants (75). 

There is much evidence to suggest that carcinogenic N-nitros-amines are metabolised by an oxidative process to produce an alkylating agent (J f2) One potential metabolite is therefore the corresponding N-nitrosamide resulting from 2-electron oxidation at the oc-carbon atom, and, indeed, such compounds appear to induce tumours at the site of application without metabolic activation (3) It follows that the chemical properties of N-nitrosamides are relevant to the etiology of cancer ... 

Synthesis and characterization of well-defined, a,w-terminated difunctional siloxane oligomers are discussed. Detailed procedures on the preparation of primary amine- and hydroxy-terminated oligomers are given. Control of the average molecular weight (Mn) and also the possible variations in the backbone structure and composition are explained. The effect of these variations on the physical, thermal and chemical properties of the resulting materials are discussed. Characterization of these oligomers by FT-IR, NMR and UV spectroscopy, potentiometric titration and DSC are summarized. 

The spectroscopic and chemical properties of l,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DAB-CO) are consistent with a strong interaction of the in-phase combination of the non-bonded electron pairs of the nitrogen atoms with the symmetric combination of the C—C a bonds, one consequence of which is that the in-phase combination is the HOMO. The two lowest IPs are 7.6 and 9.7 eV [89]. Compare these to the IPs of trimethyl amine (8.44 eV) and ammonia (10.5 eV) [90]. The relative importance of intramolecular orbital interactions through space and through bonds has been reviewed by Hoffmann [6]. 

The above /(-hydroxo /(-peroxo complex represents an important class of complexes, and a series of L4Co(0H)(02)CoL43+ complexes has been prepared with other amines such as NH3, tn, tren, and trien (108, 231-244) the structures of these have been established by X-ray crystal-structure analysis (108,109,242,243). The kinetics of formation and the chemical properties of these dinuclear species have been studied in detail, as discussed in a recent review by Fallab and Mitchell (119). 

Because there is a large variety of different materials that are excellent for specific applications, the right polyurethane for the particular application has to be selected. The base chemistry used in producing the polyurethane system can have a profound influence on the final properties of the part produced. The mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of a cured system have to be selected for each application. A typical example is that certain amines cannot be used in applications where there is contact with food. 

Amines and amides are two classes of organic compounds which contain nitrogen. Amines behave as organic bases and may be considered as derivatives of ammonia. Amides are compounds which have a carbonyl group connected to a nitrogen atom and are neutral. In this experiment, you will learn about the physical and chemical properties of some members of the amine and amide families. 

A considerable amount of data on the protonation, and complex formation with metal ions of polymeric amines have been reported. A critical insight leads to the conclusion that much has to be done in order to reach a clear vision of the chemical properties of many polymers of this kind. Most protonation studies deal with the determination of basicity constants with potentiometric techniques, which alone give little information on the protonation mechanism only few studies have been substantiated by spectroscopic (nmr) and calorimetric measurements. 

INFLUENCE OF NITRO GROUPS ON SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PHENOLS AND AMINES... 

The aromatic amine eutectics may crystallize on storage. They can be reliquefied by heating to 40°C with stirring. This liquefaction can be accomplished without sacrificing either the curing properties or the final physical and chemical properties of the cured resins. 

The chemical properties of 1,4-dinitropyrazole [654] and l,4-dimethyl-3,5-dini-tropyrazole obtained by the nitration of 1,4-dimethylpyrazole [655], nitrotriazoles [656-663], and other nitroazoles [662, 664-666] have been studied. 1,4-Dinitro-pyrazole undergoes ring transformation reactions with primary amines, hydrazines, hydroxylamine, and amidines [654], Acid hydrolysis of dinitropyrazole leads to (l-methyl-3,5-dinitropyrazol-4-yl)acetaldehyde, and the reaction with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid furnishes 2-hydroxymino-2-(l-methyl-3,5-dinitropyra-zol-4-yl)acetaldehyde [655],... 

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