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Chemical exposure hydrocarbons

Although we can measure the amount of chloroform in the air that you breathe out, and in blood, urine, and body tissues, we have no reliable test to determine how much chloroform you have been exposed to or whether you will experience any harmful health effects. The measurement of chloroform in body fluids and tissues may help to determine if you have come into contact with large amounts of chloroform. However, these tests are useful only a short time after you are exposed to chloroform because it leaves the body quickly. Because it is a breakdown product of other chemicals (chlorinated hydrocarbons), chloroform in your body might also indicate that you have come into contact with those other chemicals. Therefore, small amounts of chloroform in the body may indicate exposure to these other chemicals and may not indicate low chloroform levels in the environment. From blood tests to determine the amount of liver enzymes, we can tell whether the liver has been damaged, but we cannot tell whether the liver damage was caused by chloroform. [Pg.18]

Chloracne is a follicular dermatosis, often refractory to treatment, which results from environmental exposure to certain halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Chloracne is considered one of the most sensitive indicators of biological response to these chemicals and it occurs regardless of whether chemical exposure has occurred via skin contact - the usual route, inhalation or ingestion (Crow and Puhvel 1991). [Pg.226]

In the US State of North Carolina, Hunt et al. [23] found that bum injuries were the fourth most common cause of death, but those deaths which were due to chemical skin injuries was not reported. There were 34 bum injury deaths (15.3 %) and 1,720 non-death bum injuries. Of non-death injuries, 709 (41.2 %) patients had chemical exposures with alkaline snbstances (20 %), cleaners and solvents (17 %), propane (12 %), halogens (7 %), inorganic and other acids (4 %), hydrocarbons (2 %), and other chemicals (38 %) [23]. [Pg.9]

The isomeric mixture is a colodess, mobile Hquid with a sweet, slightly irritating odor resembling that of chloroform. It decomposes slowly on exposure to light, air, and moisture. The mixture is soluble ia most hydrocarbons and only slightly soluble ia water. The cis—trans proportions ia a cmde mixture depend on the production conditions. The isomers have distinct physical and chemical properties and can be separated by fractional distillation. [Pg.19]

The resistance to heat and aging of optimized EPM/EPDM vulcanizates is better than that of SBR and NR. Peroxide-cured EPM can, for instance, be exposed for 1000 h at 150°C without significant hardening. Particularly noteworthy is the ozone resistance of EPM/EPDM vulcanizates. Even after exposure for many months to ozone-rich air of 100 pphm, the vulcanizates will not be seriously harmed. EPM/EPDM vulcanizates have an excellent resistance to chemicals, such as dilute acids, alkaUes, alcohol, etc. This is in contrast to the resistance to aUphatic, aromatic, or chlorinated hydrocarbons. EPM/EPDM vulcanizates swell considerably in these nonpolar media. [Pg.505]

A common cause of a BLE T] in plants of the hydrocarbon-chemical industry is exposure to fire. With an external fire below the liquid level in a vessel, the heat of vaporization provides a heat sink, as with a teakettle evolved vapors exit tnrough the relief valve. But if the flame impinges on the vessel above the liquid level, the metal will weaken and may cause the vessel to rupture suddenly, even with the relief valve open. The explosive energy for a BLE T] comes from superheat. This energy is at a maximum at the superheat hmit temperature. (SLT is the maximum temperature to which a hquid can be heated before homogeneous nucleation occurs with explosive vaporization of the hquid and accompanying overpressure.) The SLT... [Pg.2321]

Liver cancer can also be a consequence of exposure to hepatotoxic chemicals. Natural hepatocarcinogens include fungal aflatoxins. Synthetic hepato-carcinogens include nitrosoamines, certain chlorinated hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dimethyl-benzanthracene, and vinyl chloride.Table 5.15 lists the chemical compounds that induce liver cancer or cirrhosis in experimental animals or... [Pg.300]

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been classified as human carcinogens because they induce cancers in experimental animals and because smoking and exposure to mixtures of chemicals containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the workplace increase the risk of lung cancer in exposed individuals. In experimental animals, benzo(a)pyrene induces cancer in different organs depending on the route of administration.Furthermore, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons commonly occurs in occupations related to traffic (use of diesel engines in transportation and railways). [Pg.335]

P.M. Jeffers and N.L. Wolfe, Hydrolysis of methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, chloropicrin, 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, and other halogenated hydrocarbons, in Fumigants Environmental Fate, Exposure, and Analysis, ed. J.N. Seiber, J.A. Knuteson, J.E. Woodrow, N.L. Wolfe, M.V. Yates, and S.R. Yates, ACS Symposium Series No. 652, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp. 32-41 (1997). [Pg.933]

Other factors associated with the risk of NMSC include exposure to ionizing radiation and arsenic, which is connected with BCC. Chemical carcinogens that give rise to NMSC include industrial hydrocarbons that are found in coal tars, soot, asphalt, paraffin waxes, and tobacco.21 Exposure to the human papilloma virus (HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18) has been linked to SCC.31 Lastly, a personal history of previous melanoma is a risk factor for developing another primary melanoma. [Pg.1429]


See other pages where Chemical exposure hydrocarbons is mentioned: [Pg.2305]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.53]    [Pg.186]    [Pg.2060]    [Pg.1113]    [Pg.1438]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.210]    [Pg.1588]    [Pg.198]    [Pg.396]    [Pg.2309]    [Pg.61]    [Pg.53]    [Pg.509]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.80]    [Pg.37]    [Pg.48]    [Pg.399]    [Pg.301]    [Pg.435]    [Pg.38]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.320]    [Pg.587]    [Pg.253]    [Pg.72]    [Pg.40]    [Pg.265]    [Pg.909]    [Pg.206]   
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