Chemical agents defined

Psychotomimetic drags can be defined as chemical agents that reliably and dose-dependently induce a psychosis, often including hallucinations and delusions in normal individuals. Implicit in this term is a mimicking of naturally occulting psychosis. 

Technical Paper Defining the Operating Conditions for the Incineration of the Chemical Agents GB, H, and VX. U.S. Army Toxic and Hazardous Materials Agency, 7 May 1984. 

ICt50 Inhalation dose of a chemical agent (vapor or aerosol) that produces a given, defined level of incapacitation in 50 percent of the exposed subjects. 

It should be clear, even from this somewhat oversimplified picture of what toxicologists do, that they do not do it all alone toxicology is a discipline, but a thorough evaluation of the risks of chemical agents requires a multidisciplinary effort, and even today it is not possible to clearly define the boundaries between toxicology and the several disciplines it draws upon. 

Recommendation 2. The end state, end use, and stewardship issues pertaining to closure of any chemical agent disposal facility should be resolved early so that planning can proceed on an assured rather than an assumed basis. If possible, facility end uses should be included in the RCRA operating permit. If end use and end state cannot be defined early in the planning process, risk assessments and cost and schedule estimates for alternative end states and uses should be prepared. 

Disinfectants are strong chemical agents that inhibit or kill microorganisms (Table 50-1). Antiseptics are disinfecting agents with sufficiently low toxicity for host cells that they can be used directly on skin, mucous membranes, or wounds. Sterilants kill both vegetative cells and spores when applied to materials for appropriate times and temperatures. Some of the terms used in this context are defined in Table 50-2. 

BacteriologicaKor Germ) and Nuclear Warfare. Chemical warfare(CW) may be defined as the tactics and technique of using chemical agents (qv) in offensive action, or of employing defensive measures against such actions(Ref... 

The coverage has been limited to the applications of coordination compounds or of the coordination chemistry of relatively soluble ligands and metal species. Numerous chemical agents in photographic systems function by means of adsorption on silver halide grains and silver metal surfaces. Such chemical interactions lie outside the confines of coordination chemistry defined for this work and have not been discussed. 

The process to select a technology for the Pueblo Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (PUCDF) was defined in a notice of intent (NOI) published in the Federal Register on April 20, 2000. Environmental impact statements required by the National Environmental Policy Act will be developed for all the candidate technologies. The final choice will be made by the DoD from the technologies certified to be as safe and cost efficient as the baseline incineration system, as well as capable of completing destruction of the Pueblo stockpile either by the CWC treaty deadline (April 29, 2007) or the date that would be achievable by the baseline system, whichever is later. The decision tentatively will be made in early fiscal year 2002. 

A key parameter used to estimate or model volatilization processes is the pesticide vapour pressure a fundamental property of the chemical agent which is uniquely defined by the temperature. This parameter is readily and reproducibly measured in the laboratory. Two... 

The foundation of the CWC s inspection activities was based around the declaration by member states of their chemical weapons capabilities and activities. Nations with chemical warfare programmes were required to declare their production, storage and destruction facilities, which would then receive top monitoring priority. Nevertheless, the CWC did allow states to maintain research programmes to ensure the integrity of defensive equipment such as gas masks and gas detectors, but these activities were also to be closely monitored since they involved work with the chemical agents listed on Schedule l.9 Otherwise, all other warfare agents, mustard gas, Lewisite, soman, sarin, tabun, VX and the capability to produce them were to be eliminated under the watchful eyes of international inspectors (Table 8.1).10 The convention thus defined chemical weapons as any toxic chemical, or its precursors, intended for purposes other than those not prohibited under this convention for... 

The U.S. Army s chemical agent disposal facilities, like many industrial facilities, produce wastes in the course of plant operations. For the purposes of this report, secondary waste is defined as any waste associated with the storage or destruction of chemical agent. Like other industrial waste, these wastes are either hazardous or nonhazardous. A particular waste is classified into one or the other of these categories by either laboratory analysis or generator knowledge of material source, use, and exposure (Box 1-1). The wastes discussed in this report are called secondary wastes to distinguish them from the chemical munitions that are... 

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