Charge temperature

Adsorption Kinetics. In zeoHte adsorption processes the adsorbates migrate into the zeoHte crystals. First, transport must occur between crystals contained in a compact or peUet, and second, diffusion must occur within the crystals. Diffusion coefficients are measured by various methods, including the measurement of adsorption rates and the deterniination of jump times as derived from nmr results. Factors affecting kinetics and diffusion include channel geometry and dimensions molecular size, shape, and polarity zeoHte cation distribution and charge temperature adsorbate concentration impurity molecules and crystal-surface defects. 

Rotary kilns operate at various temperatures throughout their length. A graph of approximate gas and charge temperatures for wet-process cement is shown in Fig. 12-67. The maximum charge temperature is 1700 to 1800 K for the gases, 1800 to 1925 K. Overall heat-transfer rates have been estimated to be in the range of 25 to 60 KJ/(s-m ) on the basis of total kiln volume. 

It was found that the region of formation of the chalcogenide halides depends on the pH, the solvent concentration, and the ratios of the initial components in the charge. Temperature and pressure have practically no influence on the phase formation in these systems (285). The use of bromine (283) and SeBr2 as the solvent leads to a different mechanism, having different kinetics of formation and different growth-forms of the crystals (285). 

Study the effect of differing initial batch charge temperatures TRO (500 to 600°R) on the fractional conversion XA, the reactor temperature TR, and the required batch time. 

The reachable temperature difference A T is determined by the charging temperature Tc, which is given by the heat source. 

C charging temperature.4 Table 32 shows the relevant data of the thermochemical storage. 

In the process industries, chemicals are converted into other chemicals in a well-defined and well-controlled manner. Uncontrolled chemical reactions occur under abnormal conditions, for example, malfunctioning of the cooling system and incorrect charging. Temperature, pressure, radiation, catalysts, and contaminants such as water, oxygen from air, and equipment lubricants can influence the conditions under which the reactions (controlled and uncontrolled) take place. 

In the case of chemically sensitive devices, the interaction of a given volatile compound or ions in solution can produce one of the following changes mass, charge, temperature, refractive index, magnetic field, work function. For each of these changes suitable transducers are now available. 

The rate of decomposition can be followed (for example) by measuring the volume of gas produced as a function of charge temperature as shown in Figure 2.3. 

Figure 2.3 The rate of decomposition of black powder as a function of charge temperature.

Removal of naphtha and distillate fractions from the crude oil under atmospheric pressure distillation requires charge temperatures to be maintained below the cracking temperature of the crude oil components. This temperature will vary but can typically range from 750°F to 800°F (398.9°C to 426.7°C). Occasionally, even lower temperatures may be required. Above these temperatures, crude oil components can begin to thermally crack and foul processing equipment. 

Detonation Velocity, Influence of Charge Temperature on. See Detonation Velocity-Temperature of Charge Relationship... 

Recool the product shelves down to charging temperature after a cycle... 

Table 4. Effect of monomer charging temperature on polymerization of acetaldehyde...

RCHO in the catalyst Monomer Monomer charging temperature ... 

Equations 1 and 3 are coupled through the mass flow, pgq, which depends in a complicated manner on the charge temperature and the vapor pressure of the source material. The flow through the exit orifice can range from free molecular flow to viscous flow. If the Knudsen number (ratio of the mean free path, m, to the orifice diameter, D) is greater than 1 (i.e., JD > 1), then the flow is free molecular. If m/D < 0.01, the flow is viscous. A transition region exists between these limits. 

Figure 4. CdS effusion rate versus charge temperature. (Reproduced with permission from reference 5. Copyright 1982 American Institute of Chemical...

The developed mathematical model has been applied for calculation of processes in MHHP intended for vehicle air conditioning [4, 7]. Study of influence of the basic heat pump parameters (pressure of hydrogen charging, temperatures and coolant consumption, cycle time) on its power characteristics has been carried out. It was shown that the estimated data well agreed with experimental results. It was found that the developed model could be used for qualitative investigation of various parameters influence and approximate quantitative assessments. 

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