Characterization of endothelial cells

Abid Hussein MN, Meesters EW, Osmanovic N, Romijn FP, Nieuwland R, Sturk A. Antigenic characterization of endothelial cell-derived microparticles and their detection ex vivo. J Thromb Haemost 2003 1 2434-2443. 

Sevanian, A., Hodis, H.N., Hwang, J., McLeod, L.L., Peterson, H. 1995. Characterization of endothelial cell injury by cholesterol oxidation products found in oxidized LDL. J. Lipid Res. 36, 1971-1986. 

Akis N, Madaio MP (2004) Isolation, culture, and characterization of endothelial cells from mouse glomeruli. Kidney Int 65(6) 2223-2227... 

Lee, Y., Mcintire, L.V., and Zygourakis, K., Characterization of endothelial cell locomotion using a Markov chain model. Biochem. Cell Biol, 1995,73 461-472. 

Resident CSCs were first isolated in murine hearts. Characterization of these cells was based on the expression of the stem cell-related surface antigens c-Kit and Sea-1. In the first study, freshly isolated c-Kit /Lin cells were shown to be clono-genic and to differentiate into myocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial lineage cells [35]. Those cells generated functional myocardium when injected into ischemic areas of the heart. The second study characterized CSCs as Sca-l/c-Kit. When treated in culture with 5-azacytidine, those cells differentiated into a myogenic lineage. Subsequently, intravenous injection of the cells in an ischemia/reperfusion model resulted in infarct healing with cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation... 

Hatzopoulos AK, Folkman J, Vasile E, Eiselen GK, Rosenberg RD. Isolation and characterization of endothelial progenitor cells from mouse embryos. Development 1998 125 1457-1468. 

F. Breviario, C. Garlanda, S. Ramponi, A. Mantovani, and A. Vecchi, A general strategy for isolation of endothelial cells from murine tissues. Characterization of two endothelial cell lines from the murine lung and subcutaneous sponge implants, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 77 1599-1604 (1997). 

Rossi M, Lindken R, Westerweel J (2010) Optimization of multiplane /iPIV for wall shear stress and wall topography characterization. Exp Fluids 48 211-223. doi 10.1007/S00348-009-0725-3 10. Rossi M, Lindken R, Hierck BP, Westerweel J (2009) Tapered microfluidic chip for the study of biochemical and mechanical response of endothelial cells to shear flow at subcellular level. Lab Chip 9 1403-1411. doi 10.1039/B822270N... 

To further characterize the toxicity and investigate its possible mechanism, a 14-day time-course study in the rat was conducted to allow for the observation of the lesion development and progression (Brenneman et al., 2014). Light microscopic (i.e., histochemical and IHC with quantification) and ultrastructural (i.e., TEM) examination showed that the injury appeared to originate as degeneration and loss of endothelial cells in the capillaries at the exocrine-endocrine interface. This injury was not associated with any increases in traditional or exploratory serum biomarkers of exocrine injury nor any evidence of endocrine dysfunction as assessed via an OGTT however, it was associated with an increase in EMPs that was not pancreas specific. 

Hypoglycorrhachia (low CSF glucose) is the hallmark of this condition. In order to reach the CSF from small cerebral blood vessels, glucose has to cross the blood-brain barrier. The blood-brain barrier is characterized by impermeable tight junctions of endothelial cells which limit paracellular... 

In the acute, subacute, and chronic setting, the heat sink effect, indicated by invagination of the tissue between the vessel and the ablated region, is only observed in vessels greater than 3 mm in diameter. Thrombus is seen in 20% of vessels smaller than 3 mm. On histopathology, vessels smaller than 3 mm show at least partial vessel wall injury, characterized by endothelial cell necrosis and luminal thrombus. In vessels greater than 3 mm the extent of vessel wall injury decreases with increasing vessel diameter (Steinke et al. 2005). 

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