Characteristics activated, primary

For BA studies, measurement of individual enantiomers may be important. For BE studies, this guidance recommends measurement of the racemate using an achiral assay. Measurement of individual enantiomers in BE studies is recommended only when all of the following conditions are met (1) The enantiomers exhibit different pharmacodynamic characteristics. (2) The enantiomers exhibit different pharmacokinetic characteristics. (3) Primary efficacy and safety activity resides with the minor enantiomer. (4) Nonlinear absorption is present (as expressed by a change in the enantiomer concentration ratio with change in the input rate of the drug) for at least one of the enantiomers. In such cases, BE criteria should be applied to the enantiomers separately. 

So, the proposed kinetic models of non-stationary processes in the form of equations (4.42) and (4.45) are based on hypotheses on the microheterogeneity of the polymerization system and on the special role of the interface layer on the feolid polymer-liquid oligomer boundary. All characteristics of the bulk polymerization up to the high conversion state are explained, including the S-like character of the stationary kinetics curves, the number-average molecular weight of a polymer via the post-polymerization process and the presence in it of at least two characteristic sections determined by the life times of active primary and secondary radicals in the interface layer. 

Cells from tissues associated with primary and secondary sexual characteristics are under particular endocrine control. Sex hormones determinethe growth, differentiation, and proliferation of such cells. When a tumor develops in such tissues, it is sometimes hormone dependent and the use of anti hormones removes the impetus for the tumor s headlong growth. Many nonsteroidal compounds have estrogenic activity diethylstilbest-jrol (81) may be taken as an example. Certain more bulky an-... 

When the temperature of the analyzed sample is increased continuously and in a known way, the experimental data on desorption can serve to estimate the apparent values of parameters characteristic for the desorption process. To this end, the most simple Arrhenius model for activated processes is usually used, with obvious modifications due to the planar nature of the desorption process. Sometimes, more refined models accounting for the surface mobility of adsorbed species or other specific points are applied. The Arrhenius model is to a large extent merely formal and involves three effective (apparent) parameters the activation energy of desorption, the preexponential factor, and the order of the rate-determining step in desorption. As will be dealt with in Section II. B, the experimental arrangement is usually such that the primary records reproduce essentially either the desorbed amount or the actual rate of desorption. After due correction, the output readings are converted into a desorption curve which may represent either the dependence of the desorbed amount on the temperature or, preferably, the dependence of the desorption rate on the temperature. In principle, there are two approaches to the treatment of the desorption curves. 

Neuropathic pain is initiated or caused by a primary lesion in the peripheral or central nervous system. The causative agent may be trauma, nerve-invading cancer, herpes zoster, HIV, stroke, diabetes, alcohol or other toxic substances. Neuropathic pain is refractory to most analgesic drugs. Altered sodium channel activity is characteristics of neuropathic pain states. 

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