CGMP-regulated protein kinase

Synthesized by soluble guanylyl cyclase and particulate guanylyl cyclase from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). Nitric oxide activates soluble guanylyl cyclase to enhance cyclic GMP production that contributes to various NO actions. Cyclic GMP is hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterases. Cyclic GMP binds to and activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase, phosphodiesterases, and Cyclic Nucleotide-regulated Cation Channels. 

Regulation of activity of cGMP-dependent protein kinases... 

The cGMP-dependent protein kinases have structural elements similar to those of protein kinase A (review Franci and Corbin, 1994 ), and their activity is also regulated by an inhibitory structural element. In contrast to protein kinase A, the regulatory and catalytic functions are localized on one protein chain in cGMP-dependent protein kinases. 

Tlie functions of the cGMP-dependent protein kinases are not as well defined as those of protein kinase A. An important function of cGMP and the cGMP-dependent protein kinases is the regulation of the cytosohc Ca " level. In smooth muscle cells, cGMP brings about a reduction in the Ca, by a mechanism that has not yet been elucidated. 

Hofmann F, Feil R, Kleppisch T, Schlossmann J (2006) Function of cGMP-dependent protein kinases as revealed by gene deletion. Physiol Rev 86 1-23 Hollinger S, Hepler JR (2002) Cellular regulation of RGS proteins modulators and integrators of G protein signaling. Pharmacol Rev 54 527-59... 

Xia C, Bao Z, Yue C, Sanborn BM, Liu M (2001) Phosphorylation and regulation of G-protein-activated phospholipase C-beta 3 by cGMP-dependent protein kinases. J Biol Chem... 

Three different proteins appear to mediate the cellular actions of cGMP cGMP-dependent protein kinase, cGMP-bin g cAMP phosphodiesterase and cGMP-regulated ion channels (Walter, 1989)... 

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