Ceramics nitride based

Evans R, Smith I, Munz W D, Williams K J P and Yanwood J 1996 Raman microscopic studies of ceramic coatings based on titanium aluminum nitride ICORS 96 XVth Int. Conf. on Raman Spectroscopy ed S A Asher and P B Stein (New York Wiley) pp 596-7... 

Herrmann M, Klemm H, Schubert C (2000) Silicon Nitride Based Hard Materials. In Riedel R (ed) Handbook of Ceramic Hard Materials. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, p 747... 

Hoffmann MJ, Becher PF, Petzow G (eds) (1994) Silicon Nitride 93 - Proc Int Conf on Silicon Nitride-Based Ceramics, Stuttgart Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Aedermanns-dorf, Switzerland... 

Gauckler LJ, Petzow G (1977) Representation of Multicomponent Silicon Nitride Based Systems. In Riley FL (ed) Nitrogen Ceramics, Noordhoff-Leyden, p 41... 

Katz NR (1993) Applications of Silicon Nitride Based Ceramics in the U.S. In Chen IW, Becher PF Mitomo M, Petzow G, Yen TS (eds) Silicon Nitride Ceramics- Scientific and Technological Advances. Mat Res Soc Symp Proc 287, MRS, Pittsburgh, p 197... 

Klemm H, Herrmann M, Schubert C (1998) High Temperature Oxidation of Silicon Nitride Based Ceramics Materials. In Niihara K, Hirano S, Kanzaki S, Komeya K, Morinaga K (eds) 6th Int Symp Ceramic Materials and Components for Engines. Jap Fine Ceramic Ass, Tokyo, p 576... 

SiAlONs is a general name for a large family of the ceramic alloys based on silicon nitride.13 They were first discovered independently at about the same time (1971-72) in the United Kingdom at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (by Jack and Wilson14) and in Japan (by Oyama15). 

This work was supported by the European Commission, project 1CA2-CT-2000-10020 Copernicus-2 Silicon nitride based laminar and functionally gradient ceramics for engineering application , and by AFOSR, project F49620-02-0340. EMPA was funded by BBW, the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science, under contract 99.0785. This work was also partly performed at the Army Center for Nanoscience and Nanomaterials, North Carolina A T State University. 

Yaroshenko, V., Gogotsi, Y., Osipova, I., Effect of TiN addition on properties of silicon nitride based ceramics, in Ceramic Today - Tomorrow s Ceramics, ed. P. Vincenzini, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2821-2830, 1991. 

Final Report 2004, EC/BBW Contract No. ICA-CT-2000-10020, FP5 INCO-Copemicus project LAMINATES (Silicon Nitride Based Laminar and Functionally Graded Ceramic Composites for Engineering Applications), project partners University of Warwick (UK), FCT Technologie (Germany), Institute for Problems of Materials Science (Ukraine), Materials Research Center Ltd (Ukraine), Institute for Problems of Strength (Ukraine), Institute of Chemical Physics (Armenia), Drexel University (USA), EMPA (Switzerland). 

Two different types of reactors are used depending on the product synthesized. The first type can maintain pressures up to 150 atm, and is widely used for production of powders in gasless and gas-solid systems. Carbides, borides, silicides, intermetallics, chalcogenides, phosphides, and nitrides are usually produced in this type of reactor. The second type, a high-pressure reactor (up to 2000 atm), is used for the production of nitride-based articles and materials, since higher initial sample densities require elevated reactant gas pressures for full conversion. For example, well-sintered pure BN ceramic with a porosity of about 20-35% was synthesized at 100 to 5000-atm nitrogen pressure (Merzhanov, 1992). Additional examples are discussed in Section III. 

Since their mechanical properties are maintained at high temperatures (up to 1700 K), silicon nitride-based materials are attractive for use in high-temperature structural applications in chemically aggressive environments. For example, several properties of a Si3N4-based ceramic (Si3N4-l-SiC+TiN), suitable for ceramic engines, are shown in Table Vm. 

Some Properties of SHS Silicon Nitride-Based Ceramics"... 

Figure 8.14. MAS NMR spectra of nitride-based ceramic bodies sintered with 10 wt % MgO and related magnesium silicon nitride compounds. A. Si3N4, from MacKenzie and Meinhold (1994), B. (J-sialon, from MacKenzie and Meinhold (1996), C. X-sialon, from MacKenzie et al. (2000), D. Crystalline MgSiNi (upper) and MgAlSiNj (lower), from MacKenzie and Meinhold (1994). All spectra used by permission of the copyright owner.

L. J. Gauckler and G. Petzow, Representation of multi-component silicon nitride based systems. In Progress in Nitrogen Ceramics (F. L. Riley, ed.), pp. 41-62. Voordhoff Int., Groningen, Leyden, The Netherlands, 1977. 

This paper outlines the effect of composition on oxynitride glass formation and properties that crucially affect the high temperature mechanical behaviour of silicon nitride based ceramics. 

In the following chapter fundamentals of the high-temperature behaviour of silicon nitrides and silicon nitride-based composites will be presented. Depending on the sintering additive used, silicon nitride materials with different high-temperature properties can be obtained. Some typical materials are chosen from the broad variety of Si3N4 ceramics that exist and summarized in Table 4. 

Silicon nitride-based ceramics are promising engineering materials for application under corrosive and wear conditions [135-142]. However, the use of silicon nitride materials in hot acids under hydrothermal conditions and in bases is often limited by degradation of the materials. This is the impetus for current efforts for better understanding of the influence of the microstructure on the corrosion behaviour of silicon nitride materials and to improve the materials behaviour on its basis. Up to now, only a small amount of data about the mechanisms of corrosion and pitting formation exists. 

H. Klemm, M. Herrmann and Chr. Schubert, High Temperature Oxidation of Silicon Nitride Based Ceramic Materials , Proc. 6th Internat. Symp. on Ceram. Mater. Comp, for Engines, Arita, Japan, 1997, 576-81. 

The silicon nitride-based ceramics were found to be an excellent choice for machining grey and ductile cast irons at cutting speeds over 400 m/min (Sandvik 1999 Schneider and Richter 2006 www.ceramtec.com Grzesik 2008). 

Grzesik W (2008) Advanced machining processes of metallic materials. Elsevier, Amsterdam Grzesik W, Malecka J (2011) Documentation of tool wear progress in the machining of nodular ductile iron with silicon nitride-based ceramic tools. Ann CIRP 60(1) 121-124... 

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