Honing ceramic materials

Metals and metal alloys are not without their disadvantages as hiomaterials, however. Although they tend to he quite stable in a biological system, they are not completely inert. They do react to some extent, meaning the metal implant can deteriorate over time. A number of methods have been devised to reduce this problem. For example, metal implants are sometimes attached to existing bone with a ceramic material, which acts as a buffer between the metal and the living material in hone. 

However, suitable honing parameters and optimization approaches determined for metallic materials cannot be applied to the honing of ceramic materials caused by different material removal mechanisms specific for ceramics. Therefore, to supply the fundamental connections required for process optimization, the influence of honing conditions on the course and the result of the honing process must be defined for the various ceramic materials. 

Material removal rate and roughness in relation to diamond grain size and stone pressure during honing of oxide ceramic materials. (From Weigmann, U-P. Honen keramischer Werk-stoffe. Dissertation TU Berlin, 1997. With permission.)... 

Jones, J.R. and Hench L.L. (2003) Regeneration of trabecular hone using porous ceramics. Current Opinion in Solid State el Materials Science, 7, 301-307. 

Honing wheels consist of a disk-shaped steel body with an abrasive cutting layer, comparable to grinding wheels. According to this, the same cutting materials (ceramics, diamond, CBN) and... 

In addition, soft-bound honing stones quickly adjust to the contour shape without breaking them. The selection of honing stones depends on the material. Soft-bound stones are used in annealed steels and hard-bound stones are used in hardened steels. The most common honing stones are the aluminum oxide stones, oxide ceramic grinding files, or SiC stones. Qualities should be preferred, which are used with suspension. 

Ooms, E. M., Wolke, J. G. C., van de Heuvel, R., Jeschke, B., and Jansen, J. A. 2003. Histological evaluation of the hone response to calcium phosphate cement implanted in cortical bone. Biomaterials 24 989-1000. Ooms, E. M., Wolke, J. G. C., van der Waerden, J. P. C. M., and Jansen, J. A. 2002. Trabecular bone response to injectable calcium phosphate (Ca-P) cement. Journal Biomedical Materials Research 61 9-18. Orlovskii, P. V., Komlev, V. S., and Barinov, S. M. 2002. Hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite based ceramics. Inorganic Materials 38 1159-72. 

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