Celluloid adhesive

In 1905, British inventor John C. Wood was working with cellulose and developed a method to adhere glass panes using celluloid as the adhesive. Wood s version of shatter-resistant glass was produced under the band name Triplex since it consisted of outer layers of glass with an inner layer of celluloid polymer. 

Uses Methyl alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with a slight alcoholic odor. It is used in the synthesis of formaldehyde, methylamine, ethylene glycol, methacrylates, and as an industrial solvent for a number of products (e.g., inks, resins, adhesives, dyes for straw hats). Methyl alcohol is an important ingredient commonly used to prepare grease and dirt remover. It also is used in the manufacture of photographic films, plastics, celluloid, textile soaps, wood stains, coated fabrics, paper coatings, artificial leather, and other industrial products. 

Eastman Kodak, started to develop celluloid film in 1889 and by 1920 the movie industry was dependant on the new material. However, cellulose nitrate s high flammability and ability to soften on heating were in conflict with its use as a film hase and alternatives were sought. Today, GN is mainly used as an adhesive, as inexpensive automotive retouching paints and nail lacquer, due to its high solubility in acetone. 

The adhesion of pesticide powders to plant leaves was investigated on a model system in [344]. Celluloid strips were used to simulate the plant leaves. We should note that such simulation can be extended only to comparatively few types of leaves. Microscope slides were included in these tests as standards. The powder was applied in amount of 1 mg/cm of surface. After dusting, the powders were removed by shaking, which simulated the action of the wind, and also by spraying to simulate rainfall. The following results were obtained on the particle removal [344] ... 

Some of the more important industries that produce solvent-contained air streams are printing dry cleaning and the manufacture of paints, polymers, adhesives, celluloid, rubber (e.g., rubber-coated fabrics), rayon, and gunpowder and extraction processes. The main solvents recovered by activated carbon adsorption are benzene, toluene, xylene, alcohols, acetone, petrol, ether, carbon disulfide, halocarbons (e.g., chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, chlorobenzene, etc.). The major production facilities and the solvents recovered are listed in Table 5.3. In many cases the concentration of the organic solvent in waste gases is of the order of 1 to 2%. 

Rubber industry, rubber-coated fabrics, rubber-asbestos goods Paint shops Celluloid production Plastics and artificial leather production Extraction processes Film and foil manufacture Adhesive plaster production... 

Used in explosives (propellants), lacquers, adhesives, plastics (e.g. Celluloid). 

Dry cellulose nitrate is a colourless solid, much like cellulose in appearance but with a harsher feel. The straight material has a glass transition temperature of about 53°C but only plasticized material finds commercial use. In the case of surface coatings, plasticizers (such as dibutyl phthalate and tritolyl phosphate) are necessary to give films of acceptable flexibility and adhesion. For use in bulk form, the material is plasticized (with camphor) to permit compounding and shaping operations. Typical values of some physical properties of celluloid are shown in Table 11.5. 

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