Fluorescence activated cell

Microfluidic device can be used to sort cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) machines have been scaled down to chip size. Single cell manipulation at a high speed is made possible by the fast response time of an integrated piezoelectric (PZT) actuator. Cells are sorted on the detected optically expression [46]. Cells can also be separated in an electric held on the basis of electrically distinguishable phenotypes [47]. Other cell sorters look at the fitness of the cell. For example, semen can be fractionated by their ability to swim through interfaces between adjacent laminar streams into separate streamlines, which enables isolation of motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa from semen samples [48]. This resulted in a microscale sperm sorter in which high-quality sperm can be isolated and used for in vitro fertilization [49]. 

Borra, R. Dong, D. Elnagar, A. Y Woldemariam, G. A. Camarero, J. A. In-cell fluorescence activation and labeling of proteins mediated by FRET-quenched split interns. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012,134, 6344-6353. 

The ability to display proteins on the surface of an organism has been exploited as a screening method, typically in conjunction with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) [37,47,48]... 

Becker, S., Schmoldt, H.U., Adams, T.M. et al. (2004) Ultra-high-throughput screening based on cell-surface display and fluorescence-activated cell sorting for the identification of novel biocatalysts. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 15, 323-329. 

Rehm, M., Dussmann, H., Janicke, R. U., Tavare, J. M., Kogel, D. and Prehn, J. H. (2002). Single-cell fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis demonstrates that caspase activation during apoptosis is a rapid process. Role of caspase-3. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 24506-14. 

The chemical composition of particles can be just as varied as their shape. Commercial particles can consist of polymers or copolymers, inorganic constructs, metals and semiconductors, superparamagnetic composites, biodegradable constructs, and synthetic dendrimers and dendrons. Often, both the composition of a particle and its shape govern its suitability for a particular purpose. For instance, composite particles containing superparamagnetic iron oxide typically are used for small-scale affinity separations, especially for cell separations followed by flow cytometry analysis or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Core-shell semiconductor particles, by... 

Abou-Samra, A.B., Freeman, M., Juppner, H., Uneno, S., and Segre, G.V. (1990) Characterization of fully active biotinylated parathyroid hormone analogs. Applications to fluorescence activated cell sorting of parathyroid hormone receptor bearing cells./. Biol. Chem. 265, 58-62. 

J. Kruger, K. Singh, A. O Neill, C. Jackson, A. Morrison, and P. O Brien, Development of a microfluidic device for fluorescence activated cell sorting. J. Micromech. Microeng. 12, 486-494 (2002). 

Fluorescence-activated cell sorter, 26 971 Fluorescence band maxima, 20 512 Fluorescence detection, 17 635 Fluorescence detectors, liquid... 

A fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) is a flow cytometry instrument used to separate and identify cells in a heterogeneous population. Cell mixtures to be sorted are first bound to fluorescent dyes such as fluorescein or phycoerythrin. The labeled cells are then pumped through the instrument and are excited by a laser beam. Cells that fluoresce are detected, and an electrostatic charge is applied. The charged cells are separated using voltage deflection. 

Electronic Standards for Transmission of Regulatory Information European Union antigen-binding fragment fluorescence-activated cell sorter fetal bovine serum constant fragment... 

Fluorescence-activated cell sorters (FACS) have been used to separate subpopulations of cells for subsequent treatment or analysis (see Chapter 30). However, this approach requires that the cells be in suspension. In the case of adherent cells, some cannot be easily suspended, or the treatments used to suspend them may interfere with subsequent analysis. In these situations, a laser microheam system capable of fluorescence imaging can serve two purposes. At low power, the laser can excite fluorescence to produce an image, and at a higher power, the laser can be used to kill the undesired cells. 

Sklar, L. A. and Finney, D. A. (1982) Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions with the fluorescence activated cell sorter. Cytometry 3,161-165. 

Measured after 5 hr of exposure to drug using a fluorescence activated cell sorter. Key -I- -i-, >75% of cells in mitosis -F 50-75% <50%. 

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