CASTOR system

The CASTOR-system is a system for the documentation of chemical reactions. It relies on a procedure of non-prejudiced coding, indexing, classification, storage and retrieval of reaction and structure information. Its conceptual and mathematical basis is the algebraic model of chemical structure of J. Dugundji and I. Ugi, the DU-model (see next section). 

An earlier implementation of the CASTOR system on a CDC-Cyber computer system, using the CDC-IMF-facihty (formerly EDMS) had proven the practical applicability of the underlying theory as well as the usability of the ancillary systems, e.g., data capture and conversion, semi-automatic addition of by-products, paphical output. The database model of EDMS was CODASYL-based. Our implementation, however, used the hierarchical components, e.g., the member-owner construct, for the sole purpose of data storage optimisation. The main parts used a relational model. The relational model became dominant in an ADABAS implementation, where member-owner sentences were replaced by dynamic field constructs. The present goal of development is a purely relational implementation under a portable relational DBMS. 

In the CASTOR-system the storage format resembles closely the format of (19), but here we store the ansa-member matrix in addition to the ansa-length matrix. The descriptors of the nodes are stored as pointers into the reactant structure(s) and into the product structure(s) ... 

Finally, the corresponding program modules are being incorporated into a new version of the CASTOR system that is purely based on the relational database model. 

Solvent extraction in batch or continuous systems is used to recover most of the residual oil from the presscake. Heptane, hexane, or a mixture of these solvents is used to recover the oil. The solvent-extracted presscake is steam stripped to recover solvent and a residual meal known as castor pomace, containing 1% residual oil. The solvent extracted oil is also processed for solvent recovery (qv). The oil from the extraction procedure is darker than the mechanically pressed oil and has a higher free fatty acid content. It is sometimes referred to as a No. 3 castor oil and is used for blending with higher quaUty oils that are well above No. 1 specifications. 

Low viscosity urethane polymers have been prepared from castor od and polymeric isocyanates (82). These low mix viscosity systems are extremely usehd for potting electrical components where fast penetration without air voids, and fast dispensing cycles are desirable. Very low viscosity urethane systems containing castor polyols have been prepared for use in reclaiming water-logged buried telephone cable and for encapsulating telephone cable sphces (83—86). 

Specialty waxes include polar waxes for more polar adhesive systems. Examples would be castor wax (triglyceride of 12-hydroxy stearic acid) or Paracin wax N- 2 hydroxy ethyl)-12-hydroxy stearamide) which are used in polyester, polyamide, or with high VA EVA copolymer-based systems. Other common polar waxes are maleated polyethylenes, which are used to improve the specific adhesion of polyethylene-based adhesives, and low molecular weight ethylene copolymers with vinyl acetate or acrylic acid, which are used to improve low temperature adhesion. High melting point isotactic polypropylene wax (7 155°C) and highly refined paraffin wax (7,n 83°C) are used where maximum heat resistance is critical. Needless to say, these specialty waxes also command a premium price, ranging from 2 to 5 times that of conventional paraffin wax. 

The component mass balance, when coupled with the heat balance equation and temperature dependence of the kinetic rate coefficient, via the Arrhenius relation, provide the dynamic model for the system. Batch reactor simulation examples are provided by BATCHD, COMPREAC, BATCOM, CASTOR, HYDROL and RELUY. 

Gallay, A., E)e Valk, H., Cournot, M., Ladeuil, B., Hemery, C., Castor, C., Bon, F., Megraud, F., Le Cann, P., and Desenclos, J. C. (2006). A large multi-pathogen waterborne community outbreak linked to faecal contamination of a groundwater system, France, 2000. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 12, 561-570. 

CASTOR - Batch Decomposition of Acetylated Castor Oil System... 

Other activities on the gastrointestinal system included antidiarrhoeal and gastroprotective effects. Satureja hortensis and Aloysia triphylla EOs inhibited castor oil induced diarrhoea in rodents [225, 255]. The EO of lavender and its components (linalool, linalyl acetate) and the EO of Cryptomeria japonica (ter-pin-4-ol and elemol) showed protective activities against acute ethanol/aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in rodents [200,254]. 

The earlier brake fluids of such materials as castor oil, glycerols, and alcohols could not meet the requirements of wide temperature range if the liquid was low enough in viscosity at the low temperature, it was too thin at the high for the pumps to operate motors at speed. If high enough in viscosity at the upper temperature, it was cheese at the low. Operators found that out in Arctic maneuvers, by way of broken shock absorber arms, burst brake and hydraulic system tubing, and sheared pump shafts. 

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