Cassia aldehyde

SYNS BENZYLIDENEACETALDEHYDE CASSIA ALDEHYDE CINNAMAL CINNANfYL ALDEHYDE... 

Synonyms cas 104-55-2 benzylideneacetaldehyde cassia aldehyde cinnamal cinnamyl aldehyde ... 

Cassel green. See Manganese oxide (ous) Cassia. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) Cassia aldehyde. See Cinnamal Cassia bark extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cassia bark oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cassia gum Synonyms Gum cassia Classification Galactomannan Definition Extract from the Cassia (Cassia Tora) seed... 

Synonyms 3-phenyl-2-propenal cinnamic aldehyde 2-propenal-3-phenyl cinnamal phenylacrolein cassia aldehyde 3-phenylpro-penal cinnamyl aldehyde 3-phenylacrolein benzylideneacetaldehyde 3-phenyl-2-propenaldehyde zimtaldehyde 3-phenylacryalde-hyde phenyl-2-propenal Zimtaldehyde light 3-phenyl-2-propen-i-al cinnamal... 

Other botanical varieties are caUed cassia, but the leaves of these varieties differ in flavor components from those of the bark. Saigon cinnamon, C. loureirii Nees, from Viet Nam, closely resembles Chinese cassia in appearance but is grown on the other side of the mountains and has an entirely different flavor character, containing no orthomethoxy cinnamic aldehyde. C. burmani B/ume, ie, Korintje or Kerintje cinnamon and Padang or Batavia cinnamon, is from Sumatra and Indonesia. C. sintok B/ume is native to Malaysia and of minor commercial importance. 

Zeylanicum. The second type of cinnamon is the dried inner bark of the shoots of the tree Cinnamonium lanicum Nees, a moderately sized coppiced evergreen bush of the laurel family cultivated in Sri Lanka. The bark is stripped, roUed into quills, dried, and then shipped in large bundles. The aroma and flavor of the lanicum type, which contains eugenol as well as cinnamic aldehyde, is much milder than the cassia type. 

There are at least two routes currently being used to produce natural benzaldehyde. Principal flavor houses are reported to market a product which is derived from cassia oil. The chief constituent of cassia oil is cinnamic aldehyde which is hydrolyzed into its benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde constituents. This is a fermentative retroaldol reaction. Whether this hydrolysis allows the final benzaldehyde product to be considered natural is of great concern. The FDA has reportedly issued an opinion letter that benzaldehyde produced from cassia oil is not natural (15). 

Cinnamic aldehyde, C HgO, is the principal odorous constituent of dnnamon and cassia oils, and is manufactured to a considerable extent, artificially. It can be extracted from the oils in which it occurs by means of sodium bisulphite, the sodium bisulphite compound being decomposed with dilute sulphuric acid, and distilled in a current of steam. The preparation of artificial cinnamic aldehyde, which is used in perfumery as a substitute for the natural oils, is usually carried out. by a condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde, according to the following reaction —... 

Ortho-methoxy-cinnamic aldehyde is present in small amount in cassia oil. It has the composition Cj( Hjq02, and its physical characters are as follows —... 

Semioxamazide.—A gravimetric method for the estimation of cinnamic-aldehyde in cassia and cinnamon oils, but which appears to apply only to this aldehyde, has been devised by Hanus based on the formation of a crystalline semioxamazone when cinnamic aldehyde is treated -with semioxamazide, the reaction being—... 

Resin is frequently found in cassia oil. It interferes with the accurate determination of the aldehyde by making it difficult to read off the uncombined oil. It may be detected by adding a solution of lead acetate in 70 per cent, alcohol to a solution of the oil in alcohol of the same strength. The presence of resin increases the amount of non-volatile residue, and also increases the acid value of the oil. 

Zimt, m. cinnamon. — weisser —, canella bark, canella. — chinesischer cassia bark. Zimt-. cinnamic cinnamon. -aldehyd, n. cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, -alko-hol, m. cinnamic alcohol, -blute,/. cinnamon flower, cassia bud. -bliltendl, n. cassia oil. zimtbraun, a. cinnamon-brown. Zimtcarbonsaure, /. carboxycinnamic acid, zimt-farbig, -farben, a. cinnamon-colored. Zimt-kaneel, m. canella bark, canella. -kassia, /. cassia bark, cassia, -kassienbl, n. oil of cassia. 

Since cinnamyl aldehyde is the main component of cassia oil (approximately 90%) and Sri Lanka cinnamon bark oil (approximately 75%) [49], it is industrially more important to generate cinnamyl alcohol, which is less abundantly available from nature but is important as cinnamon flavour, by biotransformation of natural cinnamyl aldehyde than vice versa. Recently, a whole-cell reduction of cinnamyl aldehyde with a conversion yield of 98% at very high precursor concentrations of up to 166 g L was described [136]. Escherichia coli DSM 14459 expressing a NADPH-dependent R alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir and a glucose dehydrogenase from Thermoplasma acidophilum for intracellular cofactor regeneration was applied as the biocatalyst (Scheme 23.8). 

Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees. C. cassia Presl. Gui Zhi (Cinnamon) (twig, bark) Cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, cinnamic acid, eugenol, phellandrene, phenylpropyl alcohol, coumarin, cinnamic aldehyde, orthomethylcoumaric aldehyde.33-49-254-435-510 Antibacterial, vasodilatation, aromatic stomachic, astringent, tonic, analgesic, stimulate human lymphocytes to proliferate. 

Cinnamaldehyde (65-76%), eugenol (4-10%), pinene, phellandrene, cimene, caryophyllene, linalool Oil of cassia leaves, Chinese cassia oil, Chief tests estimation of aldehydes and eugenol... 

Although this aldehyde is obtained from Chinese cassia oils, it is synthesized by action of alkali upon a mixture of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde (Fig. 1). 

Table II lists 13 of the most commonly-used chemicals in the flavor industry. For example, cinnamic aldehyde is used for the generation of cassia or cinnamon flavors, carvone for spearmint flavors, citral for citrus flavors, and benzaldehyde for cherry flavors. As can be seen, the known s values for these compounds are...

Cinnamic aldehyde (3-phenylprop-2-enal) This is not a terpene derivative but is an example of an aldehyde. Found in essential oils of cinnamon bark, cassia (Chinese cinnamon). Warm, spicy and balsamic. 

Cassia Oil occurs as a yellow or brown liquid having the characteristic odor and taste of cassia cinnamon. It is the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves and twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Fam. Lauraceae), rectified by distillation, and consisting mainly of cinnamic aldehyde. Upon aging or exposure to air it darkens and thickens. It is soluble in glacial acetic acid and in alcohol. 

Pipet a 10-mL sample into a 100-mL cassia flask fitted with a stopper, and add 50 mL of a freshly prepared 30 in 100 solution of sodium sulfite. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein TS, and neutralize with 50% (by volume) acetic acid solution. Heat the mixture in a boiling water bath, and shake the flask repeatedly, neutralizing the mixture from time to time by the addition of a few drops of the 50% acetic acid solution, stoppering the flask to prevent loss of volatile material. After no coloration appears upon the addition of a few more drops of phenolphthalein TS and heating for 15 min, cool to room temperature. When the liquids have separated completely, add sufficient sodium sulfite solution to raise the lower level of the oily layer within the graduated portion of the neck of the flask. Calculate the percentage, by volume, of the aldehyde or ketone by the equation... 

Table VIII shows the dramatic differences between fresh and dried leaves. In this case, as oj sed to peppermint, rosemary and thyme, trans-2-hexenal is more in the fresh than in the dried and aged. The same is true for phenyl ethyl alcohol. Interestingly, trans-cinnamic aldehyde constitutes 50% of the total living headspace volatiles, but it is still less than in the aged leaf and commercial oil. However, cinnaniyl alcohol represents 20% of the fresh volatiles but is only a trace conpcanent of the aged leaf and oil. 4-Methoxy cinnamic aldehyde, identified as a cassia constituent for the first time, also increases 3-fold on drying but has disappeared completely in the comtnercial oil. 2-Methoxy cinnamic aldehyde, sometimes called the character impact component of cassia oil, is present in the headspace of the leaves to only a minor extent but it is the second most abundant component of the oil.

PROP Chief constituent is cinnamic aldehyde, found in the leaves and twigs of Cinnamomum cassia blume (FCTXAV 13,91,75). Yellow liquid cinnamon odor, spicy burning taste. Sol in fixed oils. 

Aldehydes.—Some essential oils contain aldehydes e.g.y oil of hitter almondsy which is benzaldehyde (p. 654). Oil of cinnamon and oil of cassia contain mostly cinnamic aldehyde (p. 656). 

Cinnamic aldehyde Warm, spicy, balsamic Cassia (Cinnamomum cassia) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylani-cum)... 

Composition 65-80% (E)-ciimamaldehyde, up to app. 10% eugenol, methyl eugenol, linalool, which, has been reported not to occur in cassia oil [56], (E)-cirmamyl acetate, geranylacetate, benzyl benzoate, caryophyllene, hydrocirmamic aldehyde, benzaldehyde, a-terpineol, pinene, phellandrene, p-cymene and others [57, 58, 59], Note that Cinnamon bark and leaf oil are also specified in the European Pharmacopoeia. 

Derivation (1) From oil of cassia or oil of cinnamon occurs as an ester. (2) Reduction of cinnamic aldehyde. 

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