CARPET UNDERLAY

Carpet underlayment Carprofen [5371d-49-7] Carrafat Carrageenan... 

Unmodified Modified Sheet Standard cushioning Carpet underlay High resilience type PVC b Liquid Sheet ... 

Cellular mbber has been used extensively as shoe soles, where its combination of cushioning abiUty and wear resistance, coupled with desirable economics, has led to very wide acceptance. In this case the cushioning properties are of minor importance compared with the abrasion resistance and cost. Other significant cushioning appHcations for cellular mbbers and latex foam mbbers are as carpet underlay and as cushion padding ia athletic equipment. 

The products from the continuous process (buns) are cut to shape for the particular appflcation, while the molded foams ate formed to shape during the mol ding process. The density of the continuous buns is traditionally between 16-32 kg/m (1-2 Ibs/ft ). Molded foams have densities greater than 32 kg/m. Flexible foams find appHcafions as automotive cushions, carpet underlay, furniture, seating, and bedding. 

In 1993, a total of over 6 x 10 t of polyurethanes were consumed worldwide (Table 8). The flexible foam market in the United States totaled 932,000 tons in 1994. Flexible slab foam is used predominantly in furniture, carpet underlay, and bedding molded foam is used extensively in transportation. Carpet underlay is manufactured from either virgin or scrap polyurethane foam, which is combined with a binder adhesive. The consumption of flexible polyurethane foam in the various U.S. markets in 1994 is shown in Table 9. 

Major markets for polyurethanes are furniture, transportation, and building and construction. Other uses include carpet underlay, textural laminates and coatings, footwear, packaging, toys, and fibers. 

Most automobile and furniture seating, foam mattresses, carpet underlay-ment, and other similar products are made from polyurethanes based on polypropylene glycol (PPG). PPG is the preferred raw material for these type of polymers because of the wide variation of possible properties of the end product and the relatively low cost. 

The samples most commonly tested in compression are foams and rubbers, which experience compressive forces during use. Very often, the polymer foams that experience compression are not readily visible to us, even though they are all around. Polymer foams are widely used in carpet underlay, upholstery, shoe insoles, backpack straps, bicycle helmets, and athletic pads. Solid rubbers are much more visible, including automobile and bicycle tires, gaskets and seals, soft keys on calculators, and shoe soles. 

Two other derivatives of toluene are the important explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the polyurethane monomer toluene diisocyanate (TDI). TNT requires complete nitration of toluene. TDI is derived from a mixture of dinitrotoluenes (usually 80% o,p and 20% o,o) by reduction to the diamine and reaction with phosgene to the diisocyanate. TDI is made into flexible foam polyurethanes for cushioning in furniture (35%), transportation (25%), carpet underlay (20%), and bedding (10%). A small amount is used in polyurethane coatings, rigid foams, and elastomers. 

Polyurethanes account for the use of TDI. Approximately 85% of this goes toward flexible polyurethane foams (35% furniture, 25% transportation, 20% carpet underlay, 10% bedding), 6% toward coatings, 4% in elastomers, and 3% in rigid foams. 

Table 16.7 US Carpet and Rug Institute emission goals in 2005 for carpet, underlay and adhesives.

Toluene diisocyanate is used for the production of flexible polyurethane foams for furniture, transportation uses, carpet underlay, and bedding for coatings in rigid foams and elastomers. 

Polyurethane foam in carpet underlays, furniture upholstery, etc. 

Latex bonded non-woven polyester Batting Air Filters Carpet underlayment Insulation Textile backing Roof coatings Bedding... 

Furniture Transportation Comfort cushioning Carpet underlay Packaging Textiles... 

The second widely used method for preparing polyurethane foam laminates is the liquid adhesive, or wet process. Here special adhesives, either in the form of water solutions, or as solutions in organic solvents, are applied to either the fabric or the foam. The equipment is conventional. The water or solvent is evaporated, and the bond may be set by drying or curing at elevated temperature (20). One of the adhesives used for this application is based on acrylic interpolymer latices. This adhesive is used in the manufacture of thermal garments and insulated bags. Carpet underlay can also be made by adhesive laminating (7). 

AX-110 Evolution of the Fire Performance of Carpet Underlay-ment (1-105). 

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