Cardiac morphology

Van Vleet, J., Herman, E. and Ferrans, V (1984). Cardiac morphologic alterations in acute minoxidil cardiotoxicity in miniature swine. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 41 10-25. 

Immunostaining studies of cells isolated from the contracting areas within the EBs confirmed the presence of cardiac-specific proteins (MHC, sarcomeric a-actinin, des-min, cTnf, ANP). These studies also demonstrated the presence of early-cardiac morphology with a typical early-striated staining pattern. The cells, however, did not exhibit immunoreactivify with anti-nebuhn monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), a specific skeletal muscle sarcomeric protein shown to be expressed early in skeletal myoblast differentiation. 

Imaging of Cardiac Morphology 271 Imaging of Coronary Anatomy and Morphology 274 Assessment of Cardiac and Valvular Function 274 Myocardial Perfusion Imaging 276 Delayed-Enhancement Imaging 277... 

While morphologic MRI with regard to mass assessment, detailed soft tissue differentiation, and cardiac morphology, is mainly carried out on T1-weighted or T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) techniques, the majority of todays applications is covered with the use of gradient-recalled-echo (CRE) techniques. 

Some metals, such as cadmium, cobalt, and lead, are selectively car-diotoxic. They depress contractivity and slow down conduction in the cardiac-system. They may also cause morphological alterations, e.g., cobalt, which was once used to prevent excessive foam formation in beers, caused cardiomyopathy among heavy beer drinkers. Some of the metals also block ion channels in myocytes. Manganese and nickel block calcium channels, whereas barium is a strong inducer of cardiac arrhythmia. 

The vesicles are intimately involved in the release of the transmitter into the synaptic or neuroeffector cleft in response to an action potential. Following release, the transmitter must diffuse to the effector cells, where it interacts with receptors on these cells to produce a response. The distance between the varicosities and the effector cells varies considerably from tissue to tissue. Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and exocrine gland cells do not contain morphologically specialized regions comparable to the end plate of skeletal muscle. 

Fineschi V, Riezzo I, Centini F, et al. Sudden cardiac death during anabolic steroid abuse morphologic and toxicologic findings in two fatal cases of bodybuilders. Int J Legal Med. 2005 121 48-53. 

Ohtani X Yasunori U, Shimizu M, et al. Association between cardiac troponin T elevation and angioscopic morphology of culprit lesion patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes, Am Heart J 2005 150 227-233. 

Cellular and Morphological Adaptations of Pathological and Physiological Cardiac Hypertrophy... 

Moore, R.L., Musch, T.I., Yelamarty, R.V., Scaduto, R.C., Jr., Semanchick, A.M., Elensky, M., and Cheung, J.Y. 1993. Chronic exercise alters contractility and morphology of isolated cardiac myocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 264 C1180-C1189. 

Apoptotic features have been occasionally found in other cardiac disorders in humans [128-131] and experimental models [107, 132-135]. Takemura et al. [135] studied Fas-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by electron microscopy, and found extensive condensation of nuclear chromatin and shriveled cytoplasm, fragmented nuclei, and apoptotic bodies. Apoptotic features correlated with positivity for TUNEL and caspase-3. A distinct morphological feature was the abundance of lipid-like structures in the cytoplasm at the early phase and high incidence of plasma membrane rupture at the later phase. Apoptotic bodies were observed to be phagocytosed by neighboring cardiomyocytes. 

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