Anabolic steroids abuse

The anabolic steroids can cause serious adverse reactions including tumorigenesis, testicular atrophy with decreased spermatogenesis and in women virilization. Anabolic steroid abuse in sports where excessive doses are used, is associated with among others hepatotoxicity. 

AmericanAcademy of Pediatrics Steroids http //www,aap.org/family/steroids.htm Anabolic Steroid Abuse http //www.steroidabtise.org/... 

There is a persistent illegal market in androgenic anabolic steroids, to promote physical strength. A difficulty in determining the ultimate consequences of anabolic steroid abuse for body-building or to advance sporting achievement is that individuals who are susceptible to such abuse may well have taken several different types of substance at the same time or in succession. Indeed, an... 

Urhausen A, Albers T, Kindermann W. Are the cardiac effects of anabolic steroid abuse in strength athletes reversible Heart 2004 90 496-501. 

Anabolic steroid abuse and cardiac sudden death... 

Di Luigi L, Romanelli F, Lenzi A. Androgenic-anabolic steroids abuse in males. J Endocrinol Invest. 2005 28(suppl) 81-84. 

Fineschi V, Riezzo I, Centini F, et al. Sudden cardiac death during anabolic steroid abuse morphologic and toxicologic findings in two fatal cases of bodybuilders. Int J Legal Med. 2005 121 48-53. 

Hall RC, Hall RC, Chapman MJ. Psychiatric complications of anabolic steroid abuse. Psychosomatics. 2005 46 285-290. 

U. S. National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Anabolic Steroid Abuse Research Report. Washington, DC U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, April 2000. 

Oral and injectable formulations of different steroids are often "stacked," ie, used simultaneously. Because detection of these different steroids is difficult and expensive, the history from the patient rather than urine toxicology is more generally useful for detecting anabolic steroid abuse. Anabolic steroids were added to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act in 1990. 

Anabolic steroid abuse has been associated with a wide range of adverse side effects. Health consequences associated with anabolic steroid abuse... 

Bodybuilders often take anabolic steroids to increase their muscle mass. How do these steroids achieve this effect (Common side effects of anabolic steroid abuse include heart failure, violent behavior, and liver cancer.)... 

Certain side effects of anabolic steroid abuse occur specifically in women and children. Both experience virilization, including facial and body hirsutism, temporal hair recession in a male pattern, and acne. Boys experience phallic enlargement, and women experience clitoral enlargement. Boys and girls whose epiphyses have not yet closed experience premature closure and stunting of linear growth. 

Low testosterone concentrations frequently are seen in patients with ED, aging, type II diabetes, HIV/AIDS, osteoporosis, depression, obesity, alcohol abuse, anabolic steroid abuse, chronic inflammatory disease, cancer, and glucocorticoid use. 

S. A. Hewitt, et al.. Screening and confirmatory strategies for the surveillance of anabolic steroid abuse within Northern Ireland, Anal. Chima. Acta 473, 99-109 (2002). 

Kennedy MC, Lawrence C. Anabolic steroid abuse and cardiac death. Med J Aust 1993 158(5) 346-8. 

Distal triceps tendon tear is an uncommon condition that mostly occurs at or close to the olecranon process of the ulna, often associated with a fleck of bone attached to the retracted tendon as a result of avulsion fracture (Fig. 8.47). The mechanism involves either forced flexion of the elbow against a contracting triceps, as occurs during a fall on an outstretched arm, or relates to a direct blow onto the olecranon process. Local steroid injection into the olecranon bursa, anabolic steroid abuse and pre-existing tendinosis may also have a role in the tendon rupture. As a rule, complete tears occur more... 

Zierau, O., Lehmann, S., Vollmer, G., et al (2008) Detection of anabolic steroid abuse using a yeast transactivation system. Steroids, 73,1143-1147. 

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